一步一步学hibernate4-- hibernate CRUD

    上一节我们已经简单使用了一下hibernate的插入功能了。这一节我们再来使用一下hibernate的增删改查功能，还有用注解的方式来使用hibernate。

    首先我们把上一节的工程拷贝复制一份称为hibernate2，首先我们先把上一节中添加操作中的代码抽取出来

建立一个HibernateUtil 类，如下：

package com.test.hibernate.common;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtil {

	private static SessionFactory sessionFactory = buildSessionFactory();

	private static SessionFactory buildSessionFactory() {
		Configuration configuration = new Configuration().configure();
		StandardServiceRegistry standardServiceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
				.applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).build();
		return configuration.buildSessionFactory(standardServiceRegistry);
	}

	public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
		return sessionFactory;
	}
}

这样以后我们写代码就不用每次都重复那些代码了，当然还是会有些代码的，到了以后和spring集成就可以省很多代码，这个等我把这个系列更新完后再介绍给大家。

这样以后我们的CRUD代码就如下了。

package com.test.hibernate.test;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.test.hibernate.common.HibernateUtil;
import com.test.hibernate.model.Student;

public class Test1 {

	@Test
	public void testAdd() {
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		Student student = new Student();
		student.setName("test1");
		student.setEmail("test1@163.com");
		session.save(student);
		session.getTransaction().commit();

		session.close();
		sessionFactory.close();

	}

	@Test
	public void testGet() {
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		Student student = (Student) session.get(Student.class,
				Integer.valueOf(4));//取id为4的记录。
		System.out.println(student);
		session.close();
		sessionFactory.close();
	}

	@Test
	public void testUpdate() {
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		Student student = (Student) session.get(Student.class,
				Integer.valueOf(4));
		session.beginTransaction();
		System.out.println("before update ");
		System.out.println(student);
		student.setName("testUpdate");
		session.update(student);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		student = (Student) session.get(Student.class, Integer.valueOf(4));
		System.out.println("after update");
		System.out.println(student);
		session.close();
		sessionFactory.close();

	}

	@Test
	public void testDelete() {
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		Student student = (Student) session.get(Student.class,
				Integer.valueOf(5));
		session.delete(student);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
	}

	@Test
	public void testGetAll() {
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		String hql = "from Student";<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>//hql 面向对象的语句
		Query query = (Query) session.createQuery(hql);
		@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
		List<Student> students = query.list();
		students.stream().forEach(System.out::println);

	}

}

好的，这种简单的CRUD就介绍到这里，说明一下这只是让大家可以体验一下，在实际开发中是不会这么用的。其中我们用到的hql语法，在这里这个博客有详细的介绍 点击打开链接

下面我们来熟悉一下hibernate的注解。

新建一个类

package com.test.hibernate.model;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

</pre><pre name="code" class="java">//利用@Entity 标注此类为一个实体类。@Table 指定表名。
@Entity
@Table(name="employee")
public class Employee {

	private int id;
	private String name;
	private String email;

//@Id 标注为主键，GenerateValue主键生成方式，下一节我们将会介绍
	@Id
	@GeneratedValue(generator="_native")
	@GenericGenerator(name="_native",strategy="native")
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public String getEmail() {
		return email;
	}

	public void setEmail(String email) {
		this.email = email;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", email=" + email
				+ "]";
	}
}

当然我们的hibernate.cfg.xml也要更新才可以用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
                                         "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<!-- 数据库连接设置 -->
		<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
		<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate</property>
		<property name="connection.username">root</property>
		<property name="connection.password">engine</property>

		<!--方言 -->
		<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>

		<!-- 控制台输出 -->
		<property name="show_sql">true</property>

		<!-- 自动更新表结构 其实比比较少用 -->
		<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>

		<!-- 映射文件 -->
		<mapping resource="com/test/hibernate/model/Student.hbm.xml" />
		
		<mapping class="com.test.hibernate.model.Employee"/>  <!-- 配置扫描注解的类-->

	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

现在我们就可以写一个测试类来测试一下了

package com.test.hibernate.test;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.test.hibernate.common.HibernateUtil;
import com.test.hibernate.model.Employee;

public class EmployeeAnnotationTest {

	@Test
	public void testAdd() {
		SessionFactory sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
		Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
		session.beginTransaction();
		Employee employee = new Employee();
		employee.setName("Tom");
		employee.setEmail("tom@163.com");
		session.save(employee);
		session.getTransaction().commit();
		session.close();
		sessionFactory.close();
	}

}

运行结果就是在数据库中多了一张表，并且多了一条记录。

这一节我们就先讲这么多吧，下一节我将带大家详细的了解hibernate中对象的引用关系。

最后附上工程的目录结构