Apache反向代理Tomcat

Apache反向代理Tomcat

环境

os：Windows 10

Apache：2.4.29

Tomcat：8.0.30

Apache下载

Windows版本下载地址：https://www.apachehaus.com/cgi-bin/download.plx

Apache安装

下载完成后，解压到自定义路径下即可。

目录结构：

Apache配置

httpd-vhosts.conf配置

在Apache安装路径下的conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf配置文件中添加下面内容：

<VirtualHost 192.168.6.251:80> #监听的服务器和端口
    ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host2.example.com
    DocumentRoot "C:/Users/Admin/Desktop" #静态资源目录
    ServerName localhost #域名
    ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-error.log"
    CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.example.com-access.log" common
    ProxyPreserveHost On
    ProxyPass /ds-apache-web/ http://192.168.6.251:8082/ds-apache-web/ #反向代理的地址
    ProxyPassReverse /ds-apache-web/ http://192.168.6.251:8082/ds-apache-web/ #反向代理的地址
</VirtualHost>

httpd.conf配置

在Apache安装路径下的conf/httpd.conf配置文件中，把下面内容前面的注释去掉即可：

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so

Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

Listen 80 #Apache监听的端口
ServerName localhost:80 #Apache服务地址和端口

启动Apache

打开cmd，切换到apache安装路径下的bin目录中，执行httpd.exe文件即可。

测试代码

a）新建maven项目；

b）编写控制器；

package com.dscomm.apache.ctrl;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/index")
public class IndexController {

	@RequestMapping("/toIndex")
	public void toIndex(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
		response.sendRedirect("https://www.baidu.com");
	}
	
}

c）配置web.xml；

<web-app>

	<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
	<!-- 加载spring容器 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath*:/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- mvc servlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 需要根据参数获取配置文件，配置处理器、适配器 （如果不配置，则默认加载 /WEB-INF/servlet-name+"-"+"servlet.xml"） -->
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:/spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<!-- 表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet -->
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
		<!-- *.action 使用以action结尾的请求由DispatcherServlet来解析 -->
		<!-- / 所有访问地址都由DispatcherServlet来解析 。对于静态文件的访问需要配置不让DispatcherServlet解析。此方式可以实现rest -->
		<!-- /* 会默认找到一个jsp页面，导致不去访问DispatcherServlet，导致解析出错 -->
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>

	<!-- filter -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
		</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	
	<!-- <welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
		<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list> -->
	<!-- http error status code exception 处理页面 -->
	<error-page>
		<error-code>403</error-code>
		<location>/resources/page/page_403.html</location>
	</error-page>
	<error-page>
		<error-code>404</error-code>
		<location>/resources/page/page_404.html</location>
	</error-page>
	<error-page>
		<error-code>500</error-code>
		<location>/resources/page/page_500.html</location>
	</error-page>
	
</web-app>

d）在resources目录下添加spring/spring-ctrl-apache.xml配置文件；

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 		
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"
	default-lazy-init="true">

	<!-- 可以扫描controller、service、... 这里让扫描controller，指定controller的包 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.dscomm.apache.ctrl">
		<context:include-filter type="annotation"
			expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
		<context:include-filter type="annotation"
			expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice" />
	</context:component-scan>
</beans>

e）在resources目录下添加spring/spring-mvc.xml配置文件；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

	<!-- 导入需要扫描的配置 -->
	<import resource="classpath*:**/spring/spring-ctrl-*.xml" />
	
	<!-- 静态资源访问配置 -->
	<!-- <mvc:resources location="/dist/" mapping="/dist/**" />
	<mvc:resources location="/resources/" mapping="/resources/**" /> -->
	
	<mvc:annotation-driven>
		<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="false">
			<!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 -->
			<bean id="fastJsonHttpMessageConverter"
				class="com.alibaba.fastjson.support.spring.FastJsonHttpMessageConverter">
				<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
					<list>
						<!-- 这里顺序不能反，一定先写text/html,不然ie下出现下载提示 -->
						<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
						<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
					</list>
				</property>
			</bean>
		</mvc:message-converters>
	</mvc:annotation-driven>

</beans>

f）配置pom.xml；

引入servlet jar和spring基本jar包即可。

测试代理

访问监听的服务器和端口，上面配置的是192.168.6.251:80；

访问地址：http://192.168.6.251:80/ds-apache-web/index/toIndex

测试结果：该请求会重定向到百度。

说明：该请求地址会被代理成http://192.168.6.251:8082/ds-apache-web/index/toIndex，然后IndexController控制器又重定向到https://www.baidu.com。

说明

对Apache配置项不理解的可以参考下面的三篇博客。

参考博客

《Apache2.4+Tomcat9.0配置反向代理》

《apache配置动静分离，允许跨域，并在反向代理的情况下维持默认主页》

《apache ProxyPass ProxyPassReverse概述》