Android开发学习-四大组件(Breadcast Receiver)
- 定义
- 使用广播机制
- 接收系统广播的两种形式:动态注册、静态注册
- 一个自定义广播实例
1.定义
*广播是一个全局监听器,用于监听/接收应用发出的消息,并作出回应。
2.使用广播机制
- 接收系统广播
Android内置了很多系统广播,我们可以在应用程序中通过监听这些广播来得到各种系统信息。- 自定义广播
自定义广播需要自己发送广播,然后在广播接收器中接收。
3.下面通过一个实例来演示接收系统广播的实例
- 动态注册形式接收系统广播
广播接收器
public class NetworkReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(context,"networkchange",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
在onResume中动态注册,在onPause中注销(此处为了自己跑程序演示,所以在onDestroy中注销)此时当网络发生变化是时就会提示"networkchange".
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
NetworkReceiver networkReceiver = new NetworkReceiver();
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
intentFilter.addAction("android.net.conn.CONNECTIVITY_CHANGE");
registerReceiver(networkReceiver,intentFilter);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
unregisterReceiver(networkReceiver);
}
}
- 静态注册形式接收系统广播
创建一个BootCompleteReceiver类
public class BootCompleteReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(context, "Boot Complete", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
在AndroidManifest中注册
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED" />
<receiver
android:name=".BootCompleteReceiver"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
此程序当开机时就会提示“Boot Complete”
4.一个自定义广播实例
首先创建一个接收器
public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Toast.makeText(context, "received in myBroadcastReceiver", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}
静态注册
<receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver"
android:exported="true"
android:enabled="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.example.administrator.broadcast11.MY_BROADCAST"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
创建一个按钮发送要接收的广播
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button button = findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
Intent intent = new Intent("com.example.administrator.broadcast11.MY_BROADCAST");
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
});
}
}