用rkhunter检查系统安全性

周海汉 /文

 

rkhunter是搜索本机漏洞以及查找是否有rootkit的程序。对关注安全的系统管理员很重要。

 

sudo apt-get install rkhunter

 

zhouhh@zhhofs:~$ sudo rkhunter --checkall
[ Rootkit Hunter version 1.3.4 ]

Checking system commands...

  Performing 'strings' command checks
    Checking 'strings' command                               [ OK ]

  Performing 'shared libraries' checks
    Checking for preloading variables                        [ None found ]
    Checking for preload file                                [ Not found ]
    Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable                        [ Not found ]

  Performing file properties checks
    Checking for prerequisites                               [ OK ]
    /bin/bash                                                [ OK ]
    /bin/cat                                                 [ OK ]
    /bin/chmod                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/chown                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/cp                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/date                                                [ OK ]
    /bin/df                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/dmesg                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/echo                                                [ OK ]
    /bin/ed                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/egrep                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/fgrep                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/fuser                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/grep                                                [ OK ]
    /bin/ip                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/kill                                                [ OK ]
    /bin/less                                                [ OK ]
    /bin/login                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/ls                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/lsmod                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/mktemp                                              [ OK ]
    /bin/more                                                [ OK ]
    /bin/mount                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/mv                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/netstat                                             [ OK ]
    /bin/ps                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/pwd                                                 [ OK ]
    /bin/readlink                                            [ OK ]
    /bin/sed                                                 [ OK ]
    /bin/sh                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/su                                                  [ OK ]
    /bin/touch                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/uname                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/which                                               [ OK ]
    /bin/dash                                                [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/awk                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/basename                                        [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/chattr                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/curl                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/cut                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/diff                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/dirname                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/dpkg                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/dpkg-query                                      [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/du                                              [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/env                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/file                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/find                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/GET                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/groups                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/head                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/id                                              [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/killall                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/last                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/lastlog                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/ldd                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/less                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/locate                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/logger                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/lsattr                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/lsof                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/mail                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/md5sum                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/mlocate                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/newgrp                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/passwd                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/perl                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/pstree                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/rkhunter                                        [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/runcon                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/sha1sum                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/size                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/sort                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/stat                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/strace                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/strings                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/sudo                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/tail                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/test                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/top                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/touch                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/tr                                              [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/uniq                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/users                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/vmstat                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/w                                               [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/watch                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/wc                                              [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/wget                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/whatis                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/whereis                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/which                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/who                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/whoami                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/mawk                                            [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/lwp-request                                     [ OK ]
    /usr/bin/w.procps                                        [ OK ]
    /sbin/depmod                                             [ OK ]
    /sbin/ifconfig                                           [ OK ]
    /sbin/ifdown                                             [ OK ]
    /sbin/ifup                                               [ OK ]
    /sbin/init                                               [ OK ]
    /sbin/insmod                                             [ OK ]
    /sbin/ip                                                 [ OK ]
    /sbin/lsmod                                              [ OK ]
    /sbin/modinfo                                            [ OK ]
    /sbin/modprobe                                           [ OK ]
    /sbin/rmmod                                              [ OK ]
    /sbin/runlevel                                           [ OK ]
    /sbin/sulogin                                            [ OK ]
    /sbin/sysctl                                             [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/adduser                                        [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/chroot                                         [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/cron                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/groupadd                                       [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/groupdel                                       [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/groupmod                                       [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/grpck                                          [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/nologin                                        [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/pwck                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/rsyslogd                                       [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/tcpd                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/unhide                                         [ Warning ]
    /usr/sbin/useradd                                        [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/userdel                                        [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/usermod                                        [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/vipw                                           [ OK ]
    /usr/sbin/unhide-linux26                                 [ Warning ]

[Press <ENTER> to continue]


Checking for rootkits...

  Performing check of known rootkit files and directories
    55808 Trojan - Variant A                                 [ Not found ]
    ADM Worm                                                 [ Not found ]
    AjaKit Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    aPa Kit                                                  [ Not found ]
    Apache Worm                                              [ Not found ]
    Ambient (ark) Rootkit                                    [ Not found ]
    Balaur Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    BeastKit Rootkit                                         [ Not found ]
    beX2 Rootkit                                             [ Not found ]
    BOBKit Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    CiNIK Worm (Slapper.B variant)                           [ Not found ]
    Danny-Boy's Abuse Kit                                    [ Not found ]
    Devil RootKit                                            [ Not found ]
    Dica-Kit Rootkit                                         [ Not found ]
    Dreams Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    Duarawkz Rootkit                                         [ Not found ]
    Enye LKM                                                 [ Not found ]
    Flea Linux Rootkit                                       [ Not found ]
    FreeBSD Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    Fuck`it Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    GasKit Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    Heroin LKM                                               [ Not found ]
    HjC Kit                                                  [ Not found ]
    ignoKit Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    ImperalsS-FBRK Rootkit                                   [ Not found ]
    IntoXonia-NG Rootkit                                     [ Not found ]
    Irix Rootkit                                             [ Not found ]
    Kitko Rootkit                                            [ Not found ]
    Knark Rootkit                                            [ Not found ]
    Li0n Worm                                                [ Not found ]
    Lockit / LJK2 Rootkit                                    [ Not found ]
    Mood-NT Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    MRK Rootkit                                              [ Not found ]
    Ni0 Rootkit                                              [ Not found ]
    Ohhara Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    Optic Kit (Tux) Worm                                     [ Not found ]
    Oz Rootkit                                               [ Not found ]
    Phalanx Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    Phalanx Rootkit (strings)                                [ Not found ]
    Phalanx2 Rootkit                                         [ Not found ]
    Phalanx2 Rootkit (extended tests)                        [ Not found ]
    Portacelo Rootkit                                        [ Not found ]
    R3dstorm Toolkit                                         [ Not found ]
    RH-Sharpe's Rootkit                                      [ Not found ]
    RSHA's Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    Scalper Worm                                             [ Not found ]
    Sebek LKM                                                [ Not found ]
    Shutdown Rootkit                                         [ Not found ]
    SHV4 Rootkit                                             [ Not found ]
    SHV5 Rootkit                                             [ Not found ]
    Sin Rootkit                                              [ Not found ]
    Slapper Worm                                             [ Not found ]
    Sneakin Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    Suckit Rootkit                                           [ Not found ]
    SunOS Rootkit                                            [ Not found ]
    SunOS / NSDAP Rootkit                                    [ Not found ]
    Superkit Rootkit                                         [ Not found ]
    TBD (Telnet BackDoor)                                    [ Not found ]
    TeLeKiT Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    T0rn Rootkit                                             [ Not found ]
    Trojanit Kit                                             [ Not found ]
    Tuxtendo Rootkit                                         [ Not found ]
    URK Rootkit                                              [ Not found ]
    Vampire Rootkit                                          [ Not found ]
    VcKit Rootkit                                            [ Not found ]
    Volc Rootkit                                             [ Not found ]
    X-Org SunOS Rootkit                                      [ Not found ]
    zaRwT.KiT Rootkit                                        [ Not found ]

  Performing additional rootkit checks
    Suckit Rookit additional checks                          [ OK ]
    Checking for possible rootkit files and directories      [ None found ]
    Checking for possible rootkit strings                    [ None found ]

  Performing malware checks
    Checking running processes for suspicious files          [ None found ]
    Checking for login backdoors                             [ None found ]
    Checking for suspicious directories                      [ None found ]
    Checking for sniffer log files                           [ None found ]

  Performing trojan specific checks
    Checking for enabled inetd services                      [ OK ]

  Performing Linux specific checks
    Checking loaded kernel modules                           [ OK ]
    Checking kernel module names                             [ OK ]

[Press <ENTER> to continue]

Checking the network...

  Performing check for backdoor ports
    Checking for UDP port 2001                               [ Not found ]
    Checking for TCP port 2006                               [ Not found ]
    Checking for TCP port 2128                               [ Not found ]
    Checking for TCP port 14856                              [ Not found ]
    Checking for TCP port 47107                              [ Not found ]
    Checking for TCP port 60922                              [ Not found ]

  Performing checks on the network interfaces
    Checking for promiscuous interfaces                      [ None found ]

[Press <ENTER> to continue]

 

Checking the local host...

  Performing system boot checks
    Checking for local host name                             [ Found ]
    Checking for system startup files                        [ Found ]
    Checking system startup files for malware                [ None found ]

  Performing group and account checks
    Checking for passwd file                                 [ Found ]
    Checking for root equivalent (UID 0) accounts            [ None found ]
    Checking for passwordless accounts                       [ None found ]
    Checking for passwd file changes                         [ None found ]
    Checking for group file changes                          [ None found ]
    Checking root account shell history files                [ OK ]

  Performing system configuration file checks
    Checking for SSH configuration file                      [ Not found ]
    Checking for running syslog daemon                       [ Found ]
    Checking for syslog configuration file                   [ Found ]
    Checking if syslog remote logging is allowed             [ Not allowed ]

  Performing filesystem checks
    Checking /dev for suspicious file types                  [ Warning ]
    Checking for hidden files and directories                [ Warning ]

[Press <ENTER> to continue]

 

Checking application versions...

    Checking version of Exim MTA                             [ OK ]
    Checking version of GnuPG                                [ OK ]
    Checking version of OpenSSL                              [ OK ]


System checks summary
=====================

File properties checks...
    Files checked: 128
    Suspect files: 2

Rootkit checks...
    Rootkits checked : 111
    Possible rootkits: 0

Applications checks...
    Applications checked: 3
    Suspect applications: 0

The system checks took: 7 minutes and 25 seconds

All results have been written to the logfile (/var/log/rkhunter.log)

One or more warnings have been found while checking the system.
Please check the log file (/var/log/rkhunter.log)

我的系统还是比较安全的。

rootkit后门检测工具RKHunter RKHunter是一款专业的检测系统是否感染rootkit的工具,它通过执行一系列的脚本来确认服务器是否已经感染rootkit。在官方的资料中,RKHunter可以作的事情有: MD5校验测试,检测文件是否有改动 检测rootkit使用的二进制和系统工具文件 检测特洛伊木马程序的特征码 检测常用程序的文件属性是否异常 检测系统相关的测试 检测隐藏文件 检测可疑的核心模块LKM 检测系统已启动的监听端口 下面详细讲述下RKHunter的安装与使用。 1、安装RKHunter RKHunter的官方网页地址为:http://www.rootkit.nl/projects/rootkit_hunter.html,建议从这个网站下载RKHunter,这里下载的版本是rkhunter-1.4.0.tar.gz。RKHunter的安装非常简单,过程如下: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [root@server ~]# ls rkhunter-1.4.0.tar.gz [root@server ~]# pwd /root [root@server ~]# tar -zxvf rkhunter-1.4.0.tar.gz [root@server ~]# cd rkhunter-1.4.0 [root@server rkhunter-1.4.0]# ./installer.sh --layout default --install 这里采用RKHunter的默认安装方式,rkhunter命令被安装到了/usr/local/bin目录下。 2、使用rkhunter指令 rkhunter命令的参数较多,但是使用非常简单,直接运行rkhunter即可显示此命令的用法。下面简单介绍下rkhunter常用的几个参数选项。 [root@server ~]#/usr/local/bin/rkhunter–help Rkhunter常用参数以及含义如下所示。 参数 含义 -c, –check必选参数,表示检测当前系统 –configfile 使用特定的配置文件 –cronjob作为cron任务定期运行 –sk, –skip-keypress自动完成所有检测,跳过键盘输入 –summary显示检测结果的统计信息 –update检测更新内容 -V, –version显示版本信息 –versioncheck检测最新版本 下面是通过rkhunter对某个系统的检测示例: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 [root@server rkhunter-1.4.0]# /usr/local/bin/rkhunter -c [ Rootkit Hunter version 1.4.0 ] #下面是第一部分,先进行系统命令的检查,主要是检测系统的二进制文件,因为这些文件最容易被rootkit攻击。显示OK字样表示正常,显示Warning表示有异常,需要引起注意,而显示“Not found”字样,一般无需理会 Checking system commands... Performing 'strings' command checks Checking 'strings' command [ OK ] Performing 'shared libraries' checks Checking for preloading variables [ None found ] Checking for preloaded libraries [ None found ] Checking LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable [ Not found ] Performing file properties checks Checking for prereq
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