Collectors常用方法
工厂方法 | 返回类型 | 作用 |
---|---|---|
toSet | Set | 把流中所有项目收集到一个 Set,删除重复项 |
toList | List | 收集到一个 List 集合中 |
toCollection | Collection | 把流中所有项目收集到给定的供应源创建的集合menuStream.collect(toCollection(), ArrayList::new) |
counting | Long | 计算流中元素的个数 |
summingInt | Integer | 对流中项目的一个整数属性求和 |
averagingInt | Double | 计算流中项目 Integer 属性的平均值 |
summarizingInt | IntSummaryStatistics | 收集关于流中项目 Integer 属性的统计值,例如最大、最小、 总和与平均值 |
joining | String | 连接对流中每个项目调用 toString 方法所生成的字符串collect(joining(", ")) |
maxBy | Optional | 一个包裹了流中按照给定比较器选出的最大元素的 Optional, 或如果流为空则为 Optional.empty() |
minBy | Optional | 一个包裹了流中按照给定比较器选出的最小元素的 Optional, 或如果流为空则为 Optional.empty() |
reducing | 归约操作产生的类型 | 从一个作为累加器的初始值开始,利用 BinaryOperator 与流 中的元素逐个结合,从而将流归约为单个值累加int totalCalories = menuStream.collect(reducing(0, Dish::getCalories, Integer::sum)); |
collectingAndThen | 转换函数返回的类型 | 包裹另一个收集器,对其结果应用转换函数int howManyDishes = menuStream.collect(collectingAndThen(toList(), List::size)) |
groupingBy | Map<K, List> | 根据项目的一个属性的值对流中的项目作问组,并将属性值作 为结果 Map 的键 |
partitioningBy | Map<Boolean,List> | 根据对流中每个项目应用谓词的结果来对项目进行分区 |
示例
Apple 类
public class Apple {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Integer num;
private String color;
public Apple() {}
public Apple(Integer id, String name, Integer num, String color) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.num = num;
this.color = color;
}
// 省略 setter、getter方法
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Apple{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", num=" + num +
", color='" + color + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
数据
List<Apple> appleList = new ArrayList<>();
Apple apple1 = new Apple(1,"苹果1",10, "red");
Apple apple2 = new Apple(1,"苹果2",20, "green");
Apple apple3 = new Apple(2,"香蕉",30, "yellow");
Apple apple4 = new Apple(3,"荔枝",40, "red");
appleList.add(apple1);
appleList.add(apple2);
appleList.add(apple3);
appleList.add(apple4);
常用收集器示例
- toList
// 获取数量大于25的Apple
List<Apple> collect = appleList.stream()
.filter(apple -> apple.getNum() > 25)
.collect(toList());
//
[Apple{id=2, name='香蕉', num=30, color='yellow'},
Apple{id=3, name='荔枝', num=40, color='red'}]
- toSet
// 获取颜色信息
Set<String> collect = appleList.stream()
.map(Apple::getColor)
.collect(toSet());
// [red, green, yellow]
- toCollection
List<Apple> collect = appleList.stream()
.filter(x->x.getNum()>18)
.collect(toCollection(ArrayList::new));
/-----------------------------/
[Apple{id=1, name='苹果2', num=20, color='green'},
Apple{id=2, name='香蕉', num=30, color='yellow'},
Apple{id=3, name='荔枝', num=40, color='red'}]
- counting:统计数量
Long aLong = appleList.stream()
.filter(x -> x.getNum() > 18)
.collect(counting());
// 另一种写法
Long aLong = appleList.stream()
.filter(x -> x.getNum() > 18)
.count();
// 3
- summingInt:对一个属性求和
Integer integer = appleList.stream()
.collect(summingInt(p -> p.getNum()));
// 另一种写法
Integer integer = appleList.stream()
.mapToInt(Apple::getNum).sum();
// 100
- averagingInt:求平均值
Double aDouble = appleList.stream().collect(averagingInt(Apple::getNum));
// 25.0
- summarizingInt:求最大、最小、平均值等
IntSummaryStatistics collect1 = appleList.stream().collect(summarizingInt(Apple::getNum));
// IntSummaryStatistics{count=4, sum=100, min=10, average=25.000000, max=40}
- joining:对流中元素调用toString,拼接成字符串
String s = appleList.stream().map(Apple::getName).collect(joining("--"));
// 苹果1--苹果2--香蕉--荔枝
- maxBy | minBy : 求最大最小元素
Optional<Apple> collect = appleList.stream()
.collect(maxBy(comparing(Apple::getNum)));
// 另一种写法
Optional<Apple> collect = appleList.stream()
.max(comparing(Apple::getNum))
// Apple{id=3, name='荔枝', num=40, color='red'}
- reducing:规约操作
Integer integer = appleList.stream()
.collect(reducing(0, Apple::getNum, Integer::sum));
// 另一种写法
Optional<Integer> reduce = appleList.stream()
.map(Apple::getNum)
.reduce(Integer::sum);
// 100
- groupingBy | partitioningBy :分组操作
Map<Integer, List<Apple>> groupBy = appleList.stream()
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Apple::getId));
// {
1=[Apple{id=1, name='苹果1', num=10, color='red'},
Apple{id=1, name='苹果2', num=20, color='green'}],
2=[Apple{id=2, name='香蕉', num=30, color='yellow'}],
3=[Apple{id=3, name='荔枝', num=40, color='red'}]}
// partitioningBy:条件分组
Map<Boolean, List<Apple>> collect1 = appleList.stream()
.collect(partitioningBy(x -> x.getNum() > 24));
// {
false=[Apple{id=1, name='苹果1', num=10, color='red'},
Apple{id=1, name='苹果2', num=20, color='green'}],
true=[Apple{id=2, name='香蕉', num=30, color='yellow'},
Apple{id=3, name='荔枝', num=40, color='red'}]}