使用Filter需要实现Filter接口,并重载其中的init,DoFilter, destroy方法。
1.实现过滤中文乱码
package com.han.cookie;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class servletfilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("过滤器初始化");
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
servletResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);//使过滤器往复的运行下去。
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("过滤器销毁");
}
}
Filter也需要在web.xml中进行配置
<filter>
<filter-name>servletfilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.han.cookie.servletfilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>servletfilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/myservlet</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
url-pattern中为需要过滤的路径。
2.实现账户的登录功能
用户登陆后才能进入主页,用户注销后不能进入主页
并且进入主页之前,要判断用户是否已经登录了,如果没有登录不能进入主页,可以通过过滤器实现。
public class Constant {
public final static String USER_SESSION="USER_SESSION";
}
可以定义一个常量类,方便变量的更改,在别的程序中调用,统一写作Constant.USER_SESSION。如果需要修改,只需要直接在此类之中进行修改即可。
jsp负责视图页面,servlet负责转发等实现。
首先是登录界面,使用表单获取用户信息。
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Login" method="post">
<input type="text" name="username">
<input type="submit">
</form>
</body>
</html>
action要调用名字是login的servlet类,建议这类路径使用EL表达式,${pageContext.request.contextPath}/类名,使用EL表达式,web.xml的配置需要使用新版本,否则会识别不了。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0"
metadata-complete="true">
并且需要导入jstl的包
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
下面是login的java代码(servlet)
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Login extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
resp.setContentType("/text/html;charset=UTF-8");
resp.getWriter().write("这是一个servlet,用来处理逻辑,不做界面展示");
//获取前端请求的参数
String username=req.getParameter("username");
if(username.equals("admin")){//登录成功就把信息存放到session里
req.getSession().setAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION,req.getSession().getId());
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/success.jsp");
}
else{
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/error.jsp");
}
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
}
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/***.jsp");可以准确的获取路径。
用户名与目标的一致(假定为admin),则跳转到success页面,否则跳转到error界面。
success页面,设置了一个注销用户的功能,调用logout类。
<html>
<head>
<title>主页</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>登陆成功</h1>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/Logout">注销用户</a>
</body>
</html>
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Logout extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
super.doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
Object username=req.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION);//不删除session,而是删除session中的USER_SESSION的属性。
if(username!=null){
req.getSession().removeAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION);
System.out.println("注销成功");
resp.sendRedirect("/login.jsp");
}
else{
resp.sendRedirect("/login.jsp");
}
}
}
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>登陆失败</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户名不符合,登录失败</h1>
<a href="login.jsp">重新登陆</a>
</body>
</html>
使用过滤器实现只有登录成功,才能访问主页,否则直接访问主页的话,跳转回到登录页面。
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class SysFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest req=(HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
HttpServletResponse resp= (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;//需要将ServletRequest转化为HttpServletRequest
if( req.getSession().getAttribute(Constant.USER_SESSION)==null){//如果没有登录信息,直接跳转。
resp.sendRedirect(req.getContextPath()+"/login.jsp");
}
filterChain.doFilter(req,resp);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
}
配置过滤器的作用路径
filter>
<filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>SysFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>SysFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/success.jsp</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>