Problem G
Tiling
Input: standard input
Output: standard output
Time Limit: 2 seconds
Memory Limit: 32 MB
In how many ways can you tile a 2xn rectangle by 2x1 or 2x2 tiles?
Here is a sample tiling of a 2x17 rectangle.
Input and Output
Input is a sequence of lines, each line containing an integer number 0 <= n <= 250. For each line of input, output one integer number in a separate line giving the number of possible tilings of a 2xn rectangle.
Sample Input
2
8
12
100
200
Sample Output
3
171
2731
845100400152152934331135470251
1071292029505993517027974728227441735014801995855195223534251题意:给定2*1 和 2*2的小块,要求拼接成2 * n有多少种方法。
思路:假设当前块为2 * 1 剩下为 f(n - 1)种,当前为2*2,剩下为f(n - 1)种,2*2有2种组合方法。所以f(n) = f(n - 1) + f(n - 2) * 2;
代码:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define max(a,b) (a)>(b)?(a):(b)
#define min(a,b) (a)<(b)?(a):(b)
const int N = 2222;
const int MAXBIGN = 305;
struct bign {
int s[MAXBIGN];
int len;
bign() {
len = 1;
memset(s, 0, sizeof(s));
}
bign operator = (const char *number) {
len = strlen(number);
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
s[len - i - 1] = number[i] - '0';
return *this;
}
bign operator = (const int num) {
char number[N];
sprintf(number, "%d", num);
*this = number;
return *this;
}
bign (int number) {*this = number;}
bign (const char* number) {*this = number;}
bign operator + (const bign &c){
bign sum;
int t = 0;
sum.len = max(this->len, c.len);
for (int i = 0; i < sum.len; i++) {
if (i < this->len) t += this->s[i];
if (i < c.len) t += c.s[i];
sum.s[i] = t % 10;
t /= 10;
}
while (t) {
sum.s[sum.len++] = t % 10;
t /= 10;
}
return sum;
}
bign operator * (const bign &c){
bign sum; bign zero;
if (*this == zero || c == zero)
return zero;
int i, j;
sum.len = this->len + c.len;
for (i = 0; i < this->len; i++) {
for (j = 0; j < c.len; j ++) {
sum.s[i + j] += this->s[i] * c.s[j];
}
}
for (i = 0; i < sum.len; i ++) {
sum.s[i + 1] += sum.s[i] / 10;
sum.s[i] %= 10;
}
sum.len ++;
while (!sum.s[sum.len - 1]) {
sum.len --;
}
return sum;
}
bign operator - (const bign &c) {
bign ans;
ans.len = max(this->len, c.len);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < c.len; i++) {
if (this->s[i] < c.s[i]) {
this->s[i] += 10;
this->s[i + 1]--;
}
ans.s[i] = this->s[i] - c.s[i];
}
for (; i < this->len; i++) {
if (this->s[i] < 0) {
this->s[i] += 10;
this->s[i + 1]--;
}
ans.s[i] = this->s[i];
}
while (ans.s[ans.len - 1] == 0) {
ans.len--;
}
if (ans.len == 0) ans.len = 1;
return ans;
}
void put() {
if (len == 1 && s[0] == 0) {
printf("0");
} else {
for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
printf("%d", s[i]);
}
}
bool operator < (const bign& b) const {
if (len != b.len)
return len < b.len;
for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
if (s[i] != b.s[i])
return s[i] < b.s[i];
return false;
}
bool operator > (const bign& b) const { return b < *this; }
bool operator <= (const bign& b) const { return !(b < *this); }
bool operator >= (const bign& b) const { return !(*this < b); }
bool operator != (const bign& b) const { return b < *this || *this < b;}
bool operator == (const bign& b) const { return !(b != *this); }
};
int n;
bign save[255];
void init() {
save[0] = 1; save[1] = 1; bign tep = 2;
for (int i = 2; i <= 250; i ++) {
save[i] = save[i - 1] + (save[i - 2] * tep);
}
}
int main() {
init();
while (~scanf("%d", &n)) {
save[n].put();
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}