Springboot 使用 RestTemplate

spring web 项目提供的RestTemplate，使java访问url更方便，更优雅。

它是spring提供的异步的客户端http访问的核心class，它提供非常简单的RESTful方式与http server端进行数据交互，根据所提动的URLs进行http访问，并处理返回结果。它是基于JDK HTTP connection建立的。因此他可以使用不同的HTTP库（apache，netty and OkHttp）来setRequestFactory。

它实现了以下6个主要的HTTP meshod：

HTTP method	RestTemplate methods
DELETE	delete
GET	getForObject,getForEntity
HEAD	headForHeaders
OPTIONS	optionsForAllow
PUT	put
any	exchange,execute

现简单介绍在Springboot中使用RestTemplate

首先在代码中加入RestTemplate的配置类

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * Created by liuxu on 2017/12/22.
 * RestTemplate配置类
 */
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory){
        return new RestTemplate(factory);
    }

    @Bean
    public ClientHttpRequestFactory simpleClientHttpRequestFactory(){
        SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
        factory.setReadTimeout(5000);//单位为ms
        factory.setConnectTimeout(5000);//单位为ms
        return factory;
    }
}

然后在需要访问url的类中注入RestTemplate

@Autowired
private RestTemplate restTemplate;

使用RestTemplate发送get请求

//get json数据
JSONObject json = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, JSONObject.class).getBody();

使用RestTemplate发送post请求

//post json数据
JSONObject postData = new JSONObject();
postData.put("data", "request for post");
JSONObject json = restTemplate.postForEntity(url, postData, JSONObject.class).getBody();

设置请求头

//post json string data
//return string
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
MediaType type = MediaType.parseMediaType("application/json; charset=UTF-8");
headers.setContentType(type);
headers.add("Accept", MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.toString());
JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.parseObject(paras);
HttpEntity<String> formEntity = new HttpEntity<String>(jsonObj.toString(), headers);
String result = restTemplate.postForObject(url, formEntity, String.class);