设计模式(Design Pattern) - 创建型模式(Creational Pattern) - 工厂模式(FactoryMethod)
是一种代替new的操作的一种模式。可以给系统带来更大的可扩展性和尽量少的修改量。
工厂模式分为三种:普通工厂、多个工厂、静态工厂。
1、普通工厂
1.1、说明:
(1)Sender 接口;
(2)MailSender 实现类;
(3)SmsSender 实现类;
(4)SimpleFactory 简单工厂。
1.2、Java实现,代码如下:
(1)Sender
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.simpleFactory;
/**
* 接口
*
*/
public interface Sender {
public void send();
}
(2)MailSender
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.simpleFactory;
/**
* 实现类
*
*/
public class MailSender implements Sender {
@Override
public void send() {
System.out.println("mail send !");
}
}
(3)SmsSender
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.simpleFactory;
/**
* 实现类
*
*/
public class SmsSender implements Sender {
@Override
public void send() {
System.out.println("sms send !");
}
}
(4)SimpleFactory
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.simpleFactory;
/**
* 简单工厂
*
*/
public class SimpleFactory {
public Sender produce(String senderName) {
if ("mail".equals(senderName)) {
return new MailSender();
} else if ("sms".equals(senderName)) {
return new SmsSender();
} else {
System.out.println("wrong parameter !");
return null;
}
}
}
(5)Test
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.simpleFactory;
/**
* 测试类
*
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SimpleFactory factory = new SimpleFactory();
Sender mailSender = factory.produce("mail");
mailSender.send();
Sender smsSender = factory.produce("sms");
smsSender.send();
}
}
输出:
mail send !
sms send !
2、多个工厂
2.1、说明:
(1)Sender 接口(同1);
(2)MailSender 实现类(同1);
(3)SmsSender 实现类(同1);
(4)ManyFactory 多个工厂。
2.2、Java实现,代码如下:
(1)Sender(同1)
(2)MailSender(同1)
(3)SmsSender(同1)
(4)ManyFactory
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.manyFactory;
/**
* 多个工厂
*
*/
public class ManyFactory {
public Sender produceMail() {
return new MailSender();
}
public Sender produceSms() {
return new SmsSender();
}
}
(5)Test
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.manyFactory;
/**
* 测试类
*
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ManyFactory factory = new ManyFactory();
Sender mailSender = factory.produceMail();
mailSender.send();
Sender smsSender = factory.produceSms();
smsSender.send();
}
}
输出:
mail send !
sms send !
3、静态工厂(推荐)
3.1、说明:
(1)Sender 接口(同1);
(2)MailSender 实现类(同1);
(3)SmsSender 实现类(同1);
(4)Factory 静态工厂(2种方法变为静态)。
3.2、Java实现,代码如下:
(1)Sender(同1)
(2)MailSender(同1)
(3)SmsSender(同1)
(4)Factory
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.factory;
/**
* 静态工厂
*
*/
public class Factory {
public static Sender produceMail() {
return new MailSender();
}
public static Sender produceSms() {
return new SmsSender();
}
}
(5)Test
package com.java.designPattern.factoryMethod.factory;
/**
* 测试类
*
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Sender mailSender = Factory.produceMail();
mailSender.send();
Sender smsSender = Factory.produceSms();
smsSender.send();
}
}
输出:
mail send !
sms send !