P2756 飞行员配对方案问题(二分图用最大流实现)

板子题

1、建图

1. 超级源点->所有外籍飞行员，权值为1
2. 外籍飞行员->本土飞行员，权值为1
3. 本土飞行员->超级汇点，权值为1

ACcode:Dinic的弧优化写法

/*
 * @Author: NEFU_马家沟老三
 * @LastEditTime: 2020-11-05 19:08:53
 * @CSDN blog: https://blog.csdn.net/acm_durante
 * @E-mail: 1055323152@qq.com
 * @ProbTitle: 
 */
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
#define rep(i, a, n) for (int i = a; i <= n; i++)
#define per(i, a, n) for (int i = n; i >= a; i--)
#define lowbit(x) ((x) & -(x))
#define lson l, mid, rt << 1
#define rson mid + 1, r, rt << 1 | 1
#define mem(a, b) memset(a, b, sizeof(a))
#define IOS ios::sync_with_stdio(false);cin.tie(0);cout.tie(0);
const double PI = acos(-1.0);
const int inf = 0x3f3f3f3f, N = 50010, M = 300010;
struct edge{
    int v,w,next;
}e[M];
int head[N],d[N],now[N];//now 当前弧优化
int n,m,tot,maxflow;
queue<int>q;

void add(int u,int v,int w){
    e[++tot].v = v, e[tot].w = w, e[tot].next = head[u], head[u] = tot;
    e[++tot].v = u, e[tot].w = 0, e[tot].next = head[v], head[v] = tot;
}
bool bfs(int s,int t){//广搜构造分层图
    mem(d,0);
    while(q.size()) q.pop();
    q.push(s);
    d[s] = 1;
    now[s] = head[s];
    while(q.size()){
        int u = q.front(); q.pop();
        for(int i = head[u]; ~i; i = e[i].next){
            int v = e[i].v, w = e[i].w;
            if(d[v] == 0 && w){//残量不为0，并且当前为分配深度
                q.push(v);
                now[v] = head[v];
                d[v] = d[u] + 1;//下一层
                if(v == t) return 1;
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

int dfs(int u,int t,int flow){
    if(u == t) return flow;
    int rest = flow, k, i;//rest剩余的流
    for(i = now[u]; (~i) && rest ; i = e[i].next){
        int v = e[i].v , w = e[i].w; 
        if(w && d[v] == d[u] + 1){//不是权值为0的边，并且v 是 u 的下一层
            k = dfs(v,t,min(rest ,w));
            if(!k) d[v] = 0;//从v出发的流是0，则可以进行剪枝
            e[i].w -= k;
            e[i^1].w += k;
            rest -= k;  
        }
    }
    now[u] = i;//当前弧优化,榨取完成，避免从u再一次走到i
    return flow - rest;//已经传送出去的流量,下一步继续传送
}
int dinic(int s,int t){
    int res = 0,flow = 0;
    maxflow = 0;
    while(bfs(s,t)){
        while(flow = dfs(s,t,inf))
            res += flow;
    }
    return res;
}
int main()
{
    mem(head,-1);
    tot = 1;//这个必须从1开始，就是标号是2-3开始为1组，或者是0-1为一组。
    int m,n;
    scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);
    int u,v;
    while(~scanf("%d%d",&u,&v)){
        if(u == -1 && v == -1) break;
        add(u,v,1);
    }
    rep(i,1,m) add(0,i,1);
    rep(i,m+1,n) add(i,n+1,1);
    int ans = dinic(0,n+1);
    printf("%d\n",ans);
    int cnt = 0;
    rep(i,1,m){
        for(int j = head[i]; ~j ; j = e[j].next){
            if(e[j].w == 0 && e[j].v != n + 1 && e[j].v != 0){
                ++cnt;
                printf("%d %d\n",i,e[j].v);
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}