类说明
SpringFactoriesLoader 是 Spring core 包中一个用于读取 classpath 下 META-INFO/spring.factories 文件中某个特定接口对应的实现类并完成实现类实例化的一个工具。该类是final 修饰的,即不能被继承,不能被修改。内部主要对外暴露了两个 public 类型的静态方法供使用方调用。
public final class SpringFactoriesLoader {
//定义读取的文件路径,相对classpath
public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(SpringFactoriesLoader.class);
//内部缓存,优先从缓存中查找实现类,缓存中没有在去读取文件获取
private static final Map<ClassLoader, MultiValueMap<String, String>> cache = new ConcurrentReferenceHashMap();
private SpringFactoriesLoader() {
}
public static <T> List<T> loadFactories(Class<T> factoryType, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
Assert.notNull(factoryType, "'factoryType' must not be null");
ClassLoader classLoaderToUse = classLoader;
if (classLoader == null) {
classLoaderToUse = SpringFactoriesLoader.class.getClassLoader();
}
//调用loadFactoryNames方法获取 factoryType类型的实现类
List<String> factoryImplementationNames = loadFactoryNames(factoryType, classLoaderToUse);
if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
logger.trace("Loaded [" + factoryType.getName() + "] names: " + factoryImplementationNames);
}
List<T> result = new ArrayList(factoryImplementationNames.size());
Iterator var5 = factoryImplementationNames.iterator();
while(var5.hasNext()) {
String factoryImplementationName = (String)var5.next();
//调用instantiateFactory 进行实现类的实例化创建,将实例化后的对象添加到result列表中
result.add(instantiateFactory(factoryImplementationName, factoryType, classLoaderToUse));
}
// 按优先级排序
AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(result);
return result;
}
public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryType, @Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
String factoryTypeName = factoryType.getName();
// 从 MultiValueMap 中查询key为 factoryType的实现类,如果不存在,则返回一个空列表
return (List)loadSpringFactories(classLoader).getOrDefault(factoryTypeName, Collections.emptyList());
}
private static Map<String, List<String>> loadSpringFactories(@Nullable ClassLoader classLoader) {
// 根据类加载器从缓存中找 MultiValueMap<接口, 实现类> 关系缓存
MultiValueMap<String, String> result = (MultiValueMap)cache.get(classLoader);
if (result != null) {
return result;
} else {
try {
//获取classpath下所有的 META-INF/spring.factories文件
Enumeration<URL> urls = classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources("META-INF/spring.factories") : ClassLoader.getSystemResources("META-INF/spring.factories");
LinkedMultiValueMap result = new LinkedMultiValueMap();
//循环遍历处理每个spring.factories文件
while(urls.hasMoreElements()) {
URL url = (URL)urls.nextElement();
UrlResource resource = new UrlResource(url);
//读取spring.factories 文件内容; spring.factories文件中存的是‘接口’和‘实现类’键值对,多个实现类英文逗号分隔
Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
Iterator var6 = properties.entrySet().iterator();
//遍历读取到的键值对
while(var6.hasNext()) {
Entry<?, ?> entry = (Entry)var6.next();
// 获取key,key为接口全路径名,即工厂类型
String factoryTypeName = ((String)entry.getKey()).trim();
// 实现类全路径名数组
String[] var9 = StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray((String)entry.getValue());
int var10 = var9.length;
// 编辑实现类全路径名数组
for(int var11 = 0; var11 < var10; ++var11) {
String factoryImplementationName = var9[var11];
//将实现类全路径名添加到以接口全路径名为key的result map中,result的value值为列表
result.add(factoryTypeName, factoryImplementationName.trim());
}
}
}
//最后添加到缓存对象中,key为classLoader 对象
cache.put(classLoader, result);
return result;
} catch (IOException var13) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load factories from location [META-INF/spring.factories]", var13);
}
}
}
private static <T> T instantiateFactory(String factoryImplementationName, Class<T> factoryType, ClassLoader classLoader) {
try {
Class<?> factoryImplementationClass = ClassUtils.forName(factoryImplementationName, classLoader);
if (!factoryType.isAssignableFrom(factoryImplementationClass)) {
//校验实现类是否实现factoryType接口,不是则抛出异常
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Class [" + factoryImplementationName + "] is not assignable to factory type [" + factoryType.getName() + "]");
} else {
//通过反射完成实现类无参构造函数的实例化
return ReflectionUtils.accessibleConstructor(factoryImplementationClass, new Class[0]).newInstance();
}
} catch (Throwable var4) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to instantiate factory class [" + factoryImplementationName + "] for factory type [" + factoryType.getName() + "]", var4);
}
}
}
这个类的逻辑还是比较简单,虽然实现简单,但是在 Spring Boot 启动过程中起着重要作用,它可以很方便的完成 META-INFO/spring.factories 中配置的接口的实现类的装配,即完成对象的实例化。
单独如何使用?
由于 SpringFactoriesLoader 在 Spring core 包里,这里单独启一个项目,只引用code包,pom如下:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.2.13.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
在 src/test/resources/ 目录下添加 META-INFO/spring.factories文件,并添加如下图所示的属性
其中 com.jl.spring.task.Task 为实现 Runnable 接口的自定义实现类
package com.jl.spring.task;
public class Task implements Runnable {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("run task");
}
}
在 src/test/java 目录下创建 SpringFactoriesLoaderTest 类,代码如下
import org.springframework.core.io.support.SpringFactoriesLoader;
import java.util.List;
public class SpringFactoriesLoaderTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<Runnable> tasks = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactories(Runnable.class,
SpringFactoriesLoaderTest.class.getClassLoader());
tasks.forEach(Runnable::run);
}
}
执行代码,会看到控制台输出:run task,说明 SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactories 成功读取到了配置并完成了实现类的实例化。
注:spring版本为5.2.13