Java 01[基本知识]

[1] Java三种技术架构

---

[2] 命名规范

---

[3] Java数据类型 & 比较字符

---

[4] 变量初始化

---

[5] 转义字符

---

[6] 栈内存

---

[7] 堆内存 (new所创建的)

---

[7-1] new一个对象

---

[8]关键字

---

[9 进制的转换]

public class A {

//有多少位数，就添加多少if语句。
public static void main(String[] args) {
    // 二进制转换
    er(5);
    // 八进制转换
    ba(9);
    // 十六进制转换
    shiliu(125);
}

// 二进制转换
private static void er(int i) {
    if (i > 1) {
        int a = i % 2;
        i = i / 2;
        if (i > 1) {
            int a1 = i % 2;
            i = i / 2;
            if (i > 0) {
                int a2 = i % 2;
                i = i / 2;
                System.out.println(a2 + "" + a1 + "" + a);
            }
        }
    }
}

// 八进制转换
private static void ba(int i) {
    if (i > 1) {
        int a = i % 8;
        i = i / 8;
        if (i > 0) {
            int a1 = i % 8;
            i = i / 8;
            System.out.println(a1 + "" + a);
        }
    }
}

// 十六进制转换
private static void shiliu(int i) {
    String str = null;

    if (i > 1) {
        int a = i % 16;
        i = i / 16;
        if (a == 10) {
            str = "A";
        } else if (a == 11) {
            str = "B";
        } else if (a == 12) {
            str = "C";
        } else if (a == 13) {
            str = "D";
        } else if (a == 14) {
            str = "E";
        }
        if (i > 0) {
            int a1 = i % 16;
            i = i / 16;
            System.out.println(a1 + str);
        }
    }
}

}

---

[10 ①大小写转换, ②判断成绩, ③判断日期为一年当中的第几天, ④判断季节, ⑤互换两数位置(不使用中间变量)]

import java.util.Scanner;
public class B {

public static void main(String[] args) {

    /*大小写转换*/
    char ch = 'f';

     switch (ch) {
         case 'a':
             System.out.println((char) (ch - 32));
         break;
         case 'b':
             System.out.println((char) (ch - 32));
         break;
         case 'c':
             System.out.println((char) (ch - 32));
         break;
         case 'd':
             System.out.println((char) (ch - 32));
         break;
         case 'e':
             System.out.println((char) (ch - 32));
         break;
         default:
             System.out.println("other");
         break;
     }

    /*判断成绩
        注意:要将分数高的过滤排在前面(同类的switch也是如此,将大数写在前面, 即从上到下的顺序对应着从小到大的范围。)
    */

     int chengji = 59;

     if (chengji >= 60) {
         System.out.println("及格");
     } else {
         System.out.println("不及格");
     }

    switch (chengji / 60) {
         case 1:
             System.out.println("及格");
         break;
         case 0:
             System.out.println("不及格");
         break;
         default:
             System.out.println("输入的成绩有误");
         break;
     }

    /* 判断日期为第几天 */
    Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入年:");
        int nian = sc.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入月:");
        int yuefen = sc.nextInt();
        System.out.println("请输入天:");
        int tian = sc.nextInt();

    int sum = 0;

    if (yuefen >= 1 && yuefen <= 12){
            if (yuefen==2) {
                if((nian % 4 == 0 && nian % 100 !=0) || nian % 400 == 0){
                    if(tian > 29 && tian <= 31) {
                    System.out.println("输入的天有误");
                    }else {
                    switch (yuefen) {
                        case 12:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 11:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 10:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 9:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 8:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 7:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 6:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 5:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 4:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 3:
                            if ((nian % 4 == 0 && nian % 100 !=0) ||
                                         nian % 400 == 0) {
                                sum += 29;
                            } else {
                                sum += 28;
                            }
                        case 2:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 1:
                            sum += tian;
                            System.out.println("输入的日期为" + nian + "年的第" + sum + "天");
                            break;
                        default:
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }else if(tian > 28 && tian <= 31) {
                    System.out.println("输入的天有误");
                    }else {
                        switch (yuefen) {
                        case 12:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 11:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 10:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 9:
                            sum +=31;                       
                        case 8:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 7:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 6:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 5:
                            sum += 30;
                        case 4:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 3:
                            if (nian % 4 == 0) {
                                sum += 29;
                            } else {
                                sum += 28;
                            }
                        case 2:
                            sum += 31;
                        case 1:
                            sum += tian;
                            System.out.println("输入的日期为" + nian + "年的第" + sum + "天");
                            break;
                        default:
                            break;
                        }
                    }
            } else if (tian <= 31 && tian > 0) {
                switch (yuefen) {
                case 12:
                    sum += 30;
                case 11:
                    sum += 31;
                case 10:
                    sum += 30;
                case 9:
                    sum += 31;
                case 8:
                    sum += 31;
                case 7:
                    sum += 30;
                case 6:
                    sum += 31;
                case 5:
                    sum += 30;
                case 4:
                    sum += 31;
                case 3:
                    if (nian % 4 == 0) {
                        sum += 29;
                    } else {
                        sum += 28;
                    }
                case 2:
                    sum += 31;
                case 1:
                    sum += tian;
                    System.out.println("输入的日期为" + nian + "年的第" + sum + "天");
                    break;
                default:
                    break;
                }
            }else{
                System.out.println("输入的天有误");
                }
        }else{
            System.out.println("输入的月份有误");
        }

    /*判断季节*/

     switch (yuefen) {
         case 3:
         case 4:
         case 5:
             System.out.println("春季");
         break;
         case 6:
         case 7:
         case 8:
             System.out.println("夏季");
         break;
         case 9:
         case 10:
         case 11:
             System.out.println("秋季");
         break;
         case 12:
         case 1:
         case 2:
             System.out.println("冬季");
         break;
         default:
             System.out.println("输入的月份有误");
         break;
     }


    /*互换*/
    int m=12;
    int n=5;
    System.out.println(m+","+n);

    m=m^n;//m=12^5=9
    n=m^n;//n=9^5=12
    m=m^n;//m=9^12=5
    System.out.println(m+","+n);
}

}

---

[11 tips:]

1. 当switch循环中的case事件出错时, 需要检查是否遗漏了 “break;”
2. Scanner是一种很宝贵的流, 当不使用时应当关闭.