RecyclerView项目实战之：自动吸顶

效果展示

接下来，你将学到：
①RecyclerView基本使用
②ItemDecoration
③优秀的算法思想
等知识点！

一.前期准备工作

1.将MainActivity布局改成RelativeLayout，添加RecyclerView

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/rv_list"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">

    </androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView>

</RelativeLayout>

2.新建rv_item_star布局文件，作为itemView布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/purple_500">
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_star"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="60dp"
        android:textSize="20sp"
        android:gravity="center"/>
</RelativeLayout>

3.创建实体类

public class Star {
   
    private String name;
    private String group;

    public Star(String name, String group) {
   
        this.name = name;
        this.group = group;
    }

    public String getName() {
   
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
   
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getGroup() {
   
        return group;
    }

    public void setGroup(String group) {
   
        this.group = group;
    }
}

4.创建适配器

public class StarAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<StarAdapter.StarViewHolder> {
   
    private Context context;
    private List<Star> starList;

    public StarAdapter(Context context, List<Star> starList) {
   
        this.context = context;
        this.starList = starList;
    }

    @NonNull
    @Override
    public StarViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
   
        View view = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.rv_item_star,null);
        return new StarViewHolder(view);
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull StarViewHolder holder, int position) {
   
        holder.tv.setText(starList.get(position).getName());
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
   
        //细节
        return starList == null ? 0 : starList.size();
    }

    public class StarViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{
   
        private TextView tv;
        public StarViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
   
            super(itemView);
            tv = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_star);
        }
    }
}

5.创建继承自RecyclerView.ItemDecoration的类（自定义的）

public class StarDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
   
    public StarDecoration(Context context) {
   
    }
}

此时的MainActivity中

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
   
    private List<Star> starList;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        init();
        RecyclerView rv = findViewById(R.id.rv_list);
        //设置布局管理器和适配器
        rv.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
        rv.setAdapter(new StarAdapter(this,starList));
        //自定义分割线
        rv.addItemDecoration(new StarDecoration(this));
    }
    //初始化，为star集合添加数据
    private void init() {
   
        starList = new ArrayList<>();
        for(int i = 0;i < 4;i++){
   
            for(int j = 0;j < 20;j++){
   
                if(i % 2 == 0){
   
                    starList.add(new Star("何炅" + j,"快乐家族" + i));
                }else {
   
                    starList.add(new Star("汪涵" + j,"天天兄弟" + i));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

运行一下，看效果

二.介绍下ItemDecoration

1.首先看一下系统提供的抽象类

public abstract static class ItemDecoration {
   
    	//绘制
        public void onDraw(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull State state) {
   
            onDraw(c, parent);
        }
        public void onDrawOver(@NonNull Canvas c, @NonNull RecyclerView parent,
                @NonNull State state) {
   
            onDrawOver(c, parent);
        }

		//设置Item偏移量
        public void getItemOffsets(@NonNull Rect outRect, @NonNull View view,
                @NonNull RecyclerView parent, @NonNull State state) {
   
            getItemOffsets(outRect, ((LayoutParams) view.getLayoutParams()).getViewLayoutPosition(),
                    parent);
        }
    }

2.看其抽象类的实现类

官方目前只提供了一个实现类DividerItemDecoration。它是跟LinearLayoutManager配套的。如果我们要实现自定义分割线，就得学习下人家系统实现类是怎么实现的。

我们如果想自定义参考线，就要看一下系统是如何实现某些方法的。所以我们看一下DividerItemDecoration的源码

public class DividerItemDecoration extends RecyclerView.ItemDecoration {
   
  	...
    private Drawable mDivider;
    private final Rect mBounds = new Rect();

    public DividerItemDecoration(Context context, int orientation) {
   
		//------------------------------------------
		//------------------------------------------
		//创建了一个Drawable，后面绘制分割线也是用Drawable绘制的
		//------------------------------------------
		//------------------------------------------
        mDivider = a.getDrawable(0);
		...
    }