thymeleaf学习

thymeleaf学习

一、在web.xml中根据逻辑视图配置物理视图的前缀和后缀。

   <!-- 在上下文参数中配置视图前缀和视图后缀 -->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>view-prefix</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/view/</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>view-suffix</param-name>
        <param-value>.html</param-value>
    </context-param>

二、创建Servlet基类ViewBaseServlet

import org.thymeleaf.TemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.context.WebContext;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ViewBaseServlet extends HttpServlet {

    private TemplateEngine templateEngine;

    @Override
    public void init() throws ServletException {

        // 1.获取ServletContext对象
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();

        // 2.创建Thymeleaf解析器对象
        ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(servletContext);

        // 3.给解析器对象设置参数
        // ①HTML是默认模式，明确设置是为了代码更容易理解
        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);

        // ②设置前缀
        String viewPrefix = servletContext.getInitParameter("view-prefix");

        templateResolver.setPrefix(viewPrefix);

        // ③设置后缀
        String viewSuffix = servletContext.getInitParameter("view-suffix");

        templateResolver.setSuffix(viewSuffix);

        // ④设置缓存过期时间（毫秒）
        templateResolver.setCacheTTLMs(60000L);

        // ⑤设置是否缓存
        templateResolver.setCacheable(true);

        // ⑥设置服务器端编码方式
        templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        // 4.创建模板引擎对象
        templateEngine = new TemplateEngine();

        // 5.给模板引擎对象设置模板解析器
        templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);

    }

    protected void processTemplate(String templateName, HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException {
        // 1.设置响应体内容类型和字符集
        resp.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");

        // 2.创建WebContext对象
        WebContext webContext = new WebContext(req, resp, getServletContext());

        // 3.处理模板数据
        templateEngine.process(templateName, webContext, resp.getWriter());
    }
}

三、创建PeopleServlet类

@WebServlet("/people")
public class PeopleServlet extends ViewBaseServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Peoples peoples = new Peoples();
        People[] peopleList = peoples.peoples();
//        System.out.println(peopleList[1].getName());
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("peopleList",peopleList);
        //people是逻辑视图，通过thymeleaf加上前缀和后缀可得物理视图即/WEB-INF/view/people.html
        super.processTemplate("people",req,resp);
    }
}

四、创建People类作为dao实体类，通过类Peoples返回一个People对象的数组peopleList手动模拟数据库的数据

public class People {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

public class Peoples {

     People[] peoples(){
        People[] p = new People[3];
         People p1 = new People();
         People p2 = new People();
         People p3 = new People();
         p1.setName("张三");
         p1.setAge(18);
         p1.setSex("男");
         p2.setName("李四");
         p2.setAge(20);
         p2.setSex("男");
         p3.setName("王二");
         p3.setAge(10);
         p3.setSex("女");
         p[0] = p1;
         p[1] = p2;
         p[2] = p3;
         return p;
    }

五、people.html`

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>people</title>
</head>
<body>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td>年龄</td>
            <td>性别</td>
        </tr>
        <tr th:each="people : ${session.peopleList}">
            <td th:text="${people.name}"></td>
            <td th:text="${people.age}"></td>
            <td th:text="${people.sex}"></td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

六、运行结果

七、总结

• 视图放在WEB-INF下可以防止浏览器随意访问视图，必须通过servlet访问
• 导入外部依赖必须放在WEB-INF/lib目录下，否则Tomcat启动会出错