c++——重载运算符（多态）

1.重载是c++的多态，运算符重载是c++多态中的一种形式，实现同一函数名有不同的参数，执行不同的功能 ----（例'*',将*号用于地址将得到地址中的值，将*号放于俩数之间 a*b 是求a与b的积）

2.时间函数重载demon（计算一天花费的时间）

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class Time
{
private:
	int hours;
	int minutes;
public:
	Time();   //构造函数
	Time(int h,int m=0); //构造函数
	void AddMin(int m);//分钟增加
	void AddHr(int h);//小时增加
	void Reset(int h=0,int m=0);
	Time Sum(const Time & t) const;
	void show() const;
};

Time::Time()
{
	hours = minutes = 0;
}

Time::Time(int h,int m)
{
	hours = h;
	minutes = m;
}

void Time::AddMin(int m)
{
	minutes +=m;
	hours +=minutes / 60;
	minutes %= 60;
}

void Time::AddHr(int h)
{
	hours += h;
}

void Time::Reset(int h,int m)
{
	hours =h;
	minutes = m;
}

Time Time::Sum(const Time & t) const
{
	Time sum;
	sum.minutes = minutes + t.minutes;
	sum.hours = hours + t.hours + sum.minutes /60;
	sum.minutes %= 60;
	return sum;
}

void Time::show() const
{
	cout<<hours<<"小时"<<minutes<<"分"<<endl;
}

int main()
{
	Time planning;
	Time am(3,30);
	Time pm(4,35);
	Time total;

	cout<<"planning time is ";
	planning.show();

	cout<<"am time is ";
	am.show();

	cout<<"pm time is ";
	pm.show();

	total = am.Sum(pm);

	cout<<"一天耗时";
	total.show();
	

	return 0;
}

运行结果：

2-1重载 + 号运算符operator+()替换Sum()的名称即可重载 + 号

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class Time
{
private:
	int hours;
	int minutes;
public:
	Time();   //构造函数
	Time(int h,int m=0); //构造函数
	void AddMin(int m);//分钟增加
	void AddHr(int h);//小时增加
	void Reset(int h=0,int m=0);
	Time operator+(const Time & t) const;
	void show() const;
};

...

Time Time::operator+(const Time & t) const
{
	Time sum;
	sum.minutes = minutes + t.minutes;
	sum.hours = hours + t.hours + sum.minutes /60;
	sum.minutes %= 60;
	return sum;
}

int main()
{
	Time planning;
	Time am(3,30);
	Time pm(4,35);
	Time total;

	cout<<"planning time is ";
	planning.show();

	cout<<"am time is ";
	am.show();

	cout<<"pm time is ";
	pm.show();

	total = am + pm;//重载后可以使用＋号计算时间求和，代替total = am.Sum(pm);

	cout<<"一天耗时 am + pm =";
	total.show();
	
	return 0;
}

运行结果：