使用socket实现进程间通信

socket除了可以实现网络通信之外，还可以实现进程间通信，与网络通信一样，以一个服务端和一个客户端的方式存在

一、与网络通信上使用的不同之处
1.创建socket的过程

server_fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
// AF_UNIX, AF_LOCAL   Local communication(本地,进程间通信)

2.绑定过程

	struct sockaddr_un server_address;
	server_address.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
	strcpy(server_address.sun_path, "./process_communication");
	unlink("./process_communication");
	server_len = sizeof(server_address);
	bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_address, server_len);
//与网络编程不一样的地方是服务器端bind的时候用的是sockaddr_un结构，客户端connect的时候用的也是sockaddr_un结构，而不是sockaddr_in或sockaddr。
//sockaddr_un.sun_path的值是bind()函数生成的socket类型文件的路径，并且客户端与服务器端的这个sockaddr_un结构的sun_path是一致的

服务端：

#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>


int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
	char buf[1024];
	char send_msg[]="l`m server!";
	int msg_len;
	int server_fd,client_fd;
	int server_len,client_len;
	struct sockaddr_un server_address;
	struct sockaddr_un client_address;
	
	server_fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

	server_address.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
	strcpy(server_address.sun_path, "./process_communication");
	unlink("./process_communication");
	server_len = sizeof(server_address);
	client_len = sizeof(client_address);

	bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&server_address, server_len);
	listen(server_fd,5);
	client_fd = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&client_address,&client_len);
	while(1)
	{
		if(-1 == (msg_len = read(client_fd, buf, sizeof(buf))))
		{
			perror("read");
			exit(-1);
		}
		printf("recv msg is : %s\n",buf);
		if(-1 == (msg_len = write(client_fd, send_msg, sizeof(buf))))
		{
			perror("write");
			exit(-1);
		}
		printf("send_msg is : %s\n",send_msg);
	}
	close(server_fd);
	close(client_fd);
	return 0;
}

客户端：

#include<stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>


int main()
{
	char send_msg[1024];
	char recv_msg[1024];
	int sockfd;
	int ret;
	int address_len,result;
	struct sockaddr_un address;

	if(-1 == (sockfd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0))){
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}

	address.sun_family = AF_UNIX;
	strcpy(address.sun_path, "./process_communication");
	address_len = sizeof(address);
	result = connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address,address_len);
	if(result == -1){
		if(0 != access("./process_communication", F_OK))
		{
			printf("[Warning]: Wait for Server socket Creating!!!\n");
			usleep(500 * 1000);
			
			if(-1 == connect(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address,address_len)){
				perror("connect");
				return -1;
			}
		}else{
			perror("connect");
			return -1;
		}
	}
	while(1)
	{
		memset(send_msg, 0, sizeof(send_msg));
		scanf("%s",send_msg);
		ret = write(sockfd,send_msg,sizeof(send_msg));
		if (ret <= 0)
		{
			perror("send\n");
		}
		ret = read(sockfd,recv_msg, sizeof(recv_msg));
		if (ret <= 0)	
		{
			perror("read");
			exit(-1);
		}
		printf("recv msg is %s\n",recv_msg);
	}
	return 0;
}

运行结果：