如何用C++实现安全Remove USB Device

实现的功能：Remove USB Device Safely

1.获取设备Handle

根据卷的驱动器类型和DOS设备名，使用Windows API枚举所有磁盘，包括软盘、光盘，或者其他设备。

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// returns the device instance handle of a storage volume or 0 on error
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
DEVINST GetDrivesDevInstByDeviceNumber(long DeviceNumber, UINT DriveType, char* szDosDeviceName)
{
    bool IsFloppy = (strstr(szDosDeviceName, "\\Floppy") != NULL);

    GUID* guid;

    switch (DriveType) {
    case DRIVE_REMOVABLE:
        if ( IsFloppy ) {
            guid = (GUID*)&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_FLOPPY;
        } else {
            guid = (GUID*)&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_DISK;
        }
        break;
    case DRIVE_FIXED:
        guid = (GUID*)&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_DISK;
        break;
    case DRIVE_CDROM:
        guid = (GUID*)&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_CDROM;
        break;
    default:
        return 0;
    }

    // Get device interface info set handle for all devices attached to system
    HDEVINFO hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(guid, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);

    if (hDevInfo == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)    {
        return 0;
    }

    // Retrieve a context structure for a device interface of a device information set
    DWORD dwIndex = 0;
    long res;

    BYTE Buf[1024];
    PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA pspdidd = (PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA)Buf;
    SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA         spdid;
    SP_DEVINFO_DATA                  spdd;
    DWORD                            dwSize;
    spdid.cbSize = sizeof(spdid);

    while ( true )    {
        res = SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(hDevInfo, NULL, guid, dwIndex, &spdid);
        if ( !res ) {
            break;
        }

        dwSize = 0;
        SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDevInfo, &spdid, NULL, 0, &dwSize, NULL); // check the buffer size

        if ( dwSize!=0 && dwSize<=sizeof(Buf) ) {

            pspdidd->cbSize = sizeof(*pspdidd); // 5 Bytes!

            ZeroMemory(&spdd, sizeof(spdd));
            spdd.cbSize = sizeof(spdd);

            long res = SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDevInfo, &spdid, pspdidd, dwSize, &dwSize, &spdd);
            if ( res ) {

                // in case you are interested in the USB serial number:
                // the device id string contains the serial number if the device has one,
                // otherwise a generated id that contains the '&' char...
                /*
                DEVINST DevInstParent = 0;
                CM_Get_Parent(&DevInstParent, spdd.DevInst, 0);
                char szDeviceIdString[MAX_PATH];
                CM_Get_Device_ID(DevInstParent, szDeviceIdString, MAX_PATH, 0);
                printf("DeviceId=%s\n", szDeviceIdString);
                */

                // open the disk or cdrom or floppy
                HANDLE hDrive = CreateFile(pspdidd->DevicePath, 0, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
                if ( hDrive != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) {
                    // get its device number
                    STORAGE_DEVICE_NUMBER sdn;
                    DWORD dwBytesReturned = 0;
                    res = DeviceIoControl(hDrive, IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_DEVICE_NUMBER, NULL, 0, &sdn, sizeof(sdn), &dwBytesReturned, NULL);
                    if ( res ) {
                        if ( DeviceNumber == (long)sdn.DeviceNumber ) {  // match the given device number with the one of the current device
                            CloseHandle(hDrive);
                            SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDevInfo);
                            return spdd.DevInst;
                        }
                    }
                    CloseHandle(hDrive);
                }
            }
        }
        dwIndex++;
    }

    SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDevInfo);

    return 0;
}

2.Remove Usb Device的主程序

本例中usb的盘符为G盘

    char DriveLetter = 'G';
    DriveLetter &= ~0x20; // uppercase

    if ( DriveLetter < 'A' || DriveLetter > 'Z' ) {
        return 1;
    }

    char szRootPath[] = "X:\\";   // "X:\"  -> for GetDriveType
    szRootPath[0] = DriveLetter;

    char szDevicePath[] = "X:";   // "X:"   -> for QueryDosDevice
    szDevicePath[0] = DriveLetter;

    char szVolumeAccessPath[] = "\\\\.\\X:";   // "\\.\X:"  -> to open the volume
    szVolumeAccessPath[4] = DriveLetter;

    long DeviceNumber = -1;

2.1 open the storage volume

    HANDLE hVolume = CreateFile(szVolumeAccessPath, 0, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, NULL, NULL);
    if (hVolume == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
        return 1;
    }

2.2 get the volume's device number

    STORAGE_DEVICE_NUMBER sdn;
    DWORD dwBytesReturned = 0;
    long res = DeviceIoControl(hVolume, IOCTL_STORAGE_GET_DEVICE_NUMBER, NULL, 0, &sdn, sizeof(sdn), &dwBytesReturned, NULL);
    if ( res ) {
        DeviceNumber = sdn.DeviceNumber;
    }
    CloseHandle(hVolume);

    if ( DeviceNumber == -1 ) {
        return 1;
    }

2.3 get the drive type

    UINT DriveType = GetDriveType(szRootPath);

2.4 get the dos device name

    char szDosDeviceName[MAX_PATH];
    res = QueryDosDevice(szDevicePath, szDosDeviceName, MAX_PATH);
    if ( !res ) {
        return 1;
    }

2.5 get the device instance handle

    DEVINST DevInst = GetDrivesDevInstByDeviceNumber(DeviceNumber, DriveType, szDosDeviceName);

    if ( DevInst == 0 ) {
        return 1;
    }

    PNP_VETO_TYPE VetoType = PNP_VetoTypeUnknown;
    WCHAR VetoNameW[MAX_PATH];
    VetoNameW[0] = 0;
    bool bSuccess = false;

2.6 get drives's parent

    DEVINST DevInstParent = 0;
    res = CM_Get_Parent(&DevInstParent, DevInst, 0);

    for ( long tries=1; tries<=3; tries++ ) { // sometimes we need try more than one times...

        VetoNameW[0] = 0;

        // CM_Query_And_Remove_SubTree doesn't work for restricted users
        //res = CM_Query_And_Remove_SubTreeW(DevInstParent, &VetoType, VetoNameW, MAX_PATH, CM_REMOVE_NO_RESTART); // CM_Query_And_Remove_SubTreeA is not implemented under W2K!
        //res = CM_Query_And_Remove_SubTreeW(DevInstParent, NULL, NULL, 0, CM_REMOVE_NO_RESTART);  // with messagebox (W2K, Vista) or balloon (XP)
        res = CM_Request_Device_EjectW(DevInstParent, &VetoType, VetoNameW, MAX_PATH, 0);
        //res = CM_Request_Device_EjectW(DevInstParent, NULL, NULL, 0, 0); // with messagebox (W2K, Vista) or balloon (XP)

        bSuccess = (res==CR_SUCCESS && VetoType==PNP_VetoTypeUnknown);
        if ( bSuccess )  {
            break;
        }

        Sleep(500); // required to give the next tries a chance!
    }

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xuesong/archive/2010/08/10/1796678.html