组合模式

组合模式把相同基类型的对象组合到树状结构中，父节点包含同类型的子节点
形成"部分-整体"的层次结构
部分-整体：既包含对象的组合又包含作为叶子节点的单个对象的一种层次机构
每个组合体包含其它节点，可以使叶子节点或者其它组合体，这种关系在
层次结构中递归重复，每个组合或者叶子节点具有相同的基类，同样的
操作可以应用他们中的每一个，不必再客户端做类型检查。

Objective-C中使用UIView实现组合模式，UIView的实例可以包含其它实例
形成统一的树形结构，让客户端对单个UIView对象和UIView的组合统一对待
UIView对象只能有一个父视图，可以有多个子视图

类图如下：

 

模拟UIView绘图过程：

#import <set>
#import <iostream>

using namespace::std;
class IUIView{
protected:
    std::string _name;
public:
    virtual ~IUIView() {};
public:
    virtual void insert(IUIView* view) = 0;
    virtual void remove(IUIView* view) = 0;
    virtual void drawRect(float x,float y,float width,float height) = 0;
};

//叶子视图，不具备添加子视图的能力
class LeafView:public IUIView{
    
public:
    virtual ~LeafView(){}
    LeafView(std::string name){
        _name = name;
    }
    void insert(IUIView* view){

    }
    void remove(IUIView* view){

    }
    void drawRect(float x,float y,float width,float height){
        std::cout <<" LeafView drawRect name:"<< _name <<std::endl;
    }
};

//合成部件视图，具备添加子视图的能力
class ComponentView:public IUIView{
private:
    std::set<IUIView*> _set;
public:
    virtual ~ComponentView(){}
    ComponentView(std::string name){
        _name = name;
    }
    void insert(IUIView* view){
        if (!view) {
            return;
        }
        _set.insert(view);
    }
    void remove(IUIView* view){
        if (!view) {
            return;
        }
        _set.erase(view);
    }
    void drawRect(float x,float y,float width,float height){
        
        for (std::set<IUIView*>::iterator iter = _set.begin(); iter != _set.end();++iter) {
            ((IUIView*)(*iter)) -> drawRect(x, y, width, height);
        }
        std::cout <<" ComponentView drawRect name:" << _name <<std::endl;
    }
};

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
    @autoreleasepool {
        IUIView* rootView = new ComponentView("rootView");
        
        IUIView* componentView1 = new ComponentView("componentView1");
        IUIView* componentView2 = new ComponentView("componentView2");
        
        IUIView* leafView1_1 = new LeafView("leafView1_1");
        IUIView* leafView1_2 = new LeafView("leafView1_2");
        IUIView* leafView2_1 = new LeafView("leafView2_1");
        IUIView* leafView2_2 = new LeafView("leafView2_2");
        
        rootView -> insert(componentView1);
        rootView -> insert(componentView2);
        componentView1 -> insert(leafView1_1);
        componentView1 -> insert(leafView1_2);
        componentView2 -> insert(leafView2_1);
        componentView2 -> insert(leafView2_2);
        componentView2 -> remove(leafView2_2);
        
        rootView -> drawRect(0, 0, 0, 0);
    }
    return 0;
}

输出：