sprintf,sscanf,fread,fwrite

sprintf函数

先来看一下msdn中对这个函数的定义；
Write formatted data to a string.（写格式化数据到一个字符串）
int sprintf( char *buffer, const char *format [, argument] … )
它的参数有一个字符串和可变参数
代码演示如下

#include<stdio.h>
struct S
{
    char name[20];
    int age;
    char sex[5];
};

int main()
{
    char buf[100] = {0};
    struct S s = {"zhangsan", 20, "男"};
    sprintf(buf,"%s %d %s",s.name, s.age, s.sex);
    printf("%s",buf);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

执行上的代码，屏幕上会输出zhangsan 20 男

sscanf

Read formatted data from a string.(从一个字符串中读取格式化数据)
int sscanf( const char *buffer, const char *format [, argument ] … );
参是与sprintf相同

代码演示

#include<stdio.h>
struct S
{
    char name[20];
    int age;
    char sex[5];
};

int main()
{
    struct S tmp = {0};
    char buf[100] = {0};
    struct S s = {"zhangsan", 20, "男"};
    sprintf(buf,"%s %d %s",s.name, s.age, s.sex);
    printf("%s\n",buf);
    sscanf(buf,"%s %d %s", tmp.name, &(tmp.age), tmp.sex);
    printf("%s %d %s\m", tmp.name, tmp.age, tmp.sex);
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

fread和fwrite

这两个函数是以二进制的形式从流中读取和写入数据。
fwrite的参数
size_t fwrite( const void *buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream )
它的参数是要写的源数据，源数据的大小，每次要写入的个数，要写入的目标。

#include<stdio.h>
struct S
{
    char name[20];
    int age;
    char sex[5];
};
int main()
{
    struct S s = {"wangwu", 20, "女"};
    FILE* pf = fopen("test.q", "wb");
    fwrite(&s, sizeof(s), 1, pf);
    fclose(pf);
    pf = NULL;
    return 0;
}

fread和fwrite相反，是从流中以二进制的形式读取数据
参数
size_t fread( void *buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream );

#include<stdio.h>
struct S
{
    char name[20];
    int age;
    char sex[5];
};
int main()
{
    struct S s = {0};
    FILE* pf = fopen("test.q", "bb");
    fread(&s, sizeof(s), 1, pf);
    printf("%s %d %s\n",s.name, s.age, s.sex);
    fclose(pf);
    pf = NULL;
    return 0;
}