javaWeb学习之旅5-请求转发、包含、重定向

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 04:41:19 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-11 04:41:19 发布

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同一个web应用中各个servlet组件之间如何通讯

通过HttpServletRequest（或则是ServletContext）的Dispatcher对象来转发和包含请求
通过HttpServletResponse的sendRedirect(String location)来重定向

请求转发

请求转发图解：

请求转发代码：

package com.my.test.web;

import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * @author lf
 * @Title: CheckServlet
 * @Description: TODO
 * @date 2019/4/2 11:42
 */
public class ServletA extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        String name = req.getParameter("name");
        if(StringUtils.isEmpty(name)){
            out.write("please input your name");
            return;
        }
        out.write("this is CheckServlet before forward to showServlet");
        System.out.println("before forward");

        //和ServletB共享requset
        req.setAttribute("msg","username is "+name);
        //请求转发
        RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = getServletContext().getRequestDispatcher("/showServlet");
        requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp);
        
        //请求转发后一样会执行，只是写入out中的东西没有了
        out.write("this is CheckServlet after forward to showServlet");
        System.out.println("before after");

    }
}

请求包含

请求包含图解：

请求包含代码：

package com.my.test.web;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * @author lf
 * @Title: MainServlet
 * @Description: TODO
 * @date 2019/4/2 13:55
 */
public class MainServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //包含 BodySevlet和header.html 和 footer.html
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
        //获取对应的dispatcher
        RequestDispatcher bodyRequestDispatcher = servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/body");
        RequestDispatcher headRequestDispatcher = servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/html/header.html");
        RequestDispatcher footRequestDispatcher = servletContext.getRequestDispatcher("/html/footer.html");
        req.setAttribute("name","jack");
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        out.println("<html><head></head><body>");
        //请求包含
        headRequestDispatcher.include(req,resp);
        bodyRequestDispatcher.include(req,resp);
        footRequestDispatcher.include(req,resp);
        out.println("</body></html>");

    }
}

请求重定向

请求重定向图解：
在这里插入图片描述
请求重定向代码：

package com.my.test.web;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

/**
 * @author lf
 * @Title: RedirectServlet
 * @Description: TODO
 * @date 2019/4/2 14:05
 */
public class RedirectServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();
        out.println("before redirect ");
        System.out.println("before redirect");
        String name = "rose";
        resp.sendRedirect("/real?msg="+name);
        System.out.println("after redirect");
        out.println("after redirect ");

    }
}