curl HTTP 测试常用参数总结

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curl HTTP 测试常用参数总结

-X：指定 HTTP 请求方法，如：
```
-XPOST HTTP 请求为 POST
-XDELETE HTTP 请求为 DELETE
```
该参数如果不指定，如果请求中不带消息体，默认使用 GET 方法，否则使用 POST 方法，示例：
```
curl -XDELETE http://127.0.0.1:8080
```

-d：指定消息体，如：

curl http://127.0.0.1:8080 -d "Hello World"

-v：显示 HTTP 交互的详细过程，如：

[root@123 ~]# curl -v  http://127.0.0.1:8080
* About to connect() to 127.0.0.1 port 8080 (#0)
*   Trying 127.0.0.1...
* Connected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) port 8080 (#0)
> GET / HTTP/1.1
> User-Agent: curl/7.29.0
> Host: 127.0.0.1:8080
> Accept: */*
> 
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Server: openresty/1.9.3.1
< Date: Tue, 29 Dec 2015 03:48:10 GMT
< Content-Type: text/html
< Content-Length: 612
< Last-Modified: Sun, 29 Nov 2015 15:21:26 GMT
< Connection: keep-alive
< ETag: "565b17f6-264"
< Accept-Ranges: bytes
< 
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>
* Connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intact

-i：不加这个参数，只会显示响应中的消息体，添加这个参数，会显示响应中的响应行，响应头和消息体，如：

[root@123 ~]# curl -i http://127.0.0.1:8080
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: openresty/1.9.3.1
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 2015 02:06:27 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Sun, 29 Nov 2015 15:21:26 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "565b17f6-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
    body {
        width: 35em;
        margin: 0 auto;
        font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif;
    }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>

-I：不显示消息体，如：

[root@123 ~]# curl -I http://127.0.0.1:8080
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: openresty/1.9.3.1
Date: Tue, 29 Dec 2015 02:07:34 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Sun, 29 Nov 2015 15:21:26 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "565b17f6-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

-H：指定一个请求头，如：
```
curl -H "Test: HelloWorld" http://127.0.0.1:8080
```
使用该命令，在发出的请求中会多一个 HTTP 请求头：Test: HelloWorld
-0：使用 HTTP/1.0 发送请求，如：
```
curl -O http://127.0.0.1:8080
```

-L：会对重定向进行处理，与 -o 参数配合使用，功能类似于 wget：

curl -L  https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v2.2.2/etcd-v2.2.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz -o etcd-v2.2.2-linux-amd64.tar.gz

-k：不安全的 HTTPS，客户端不用验证站点的证书，如：
```
curl -k https://127.0.0.1:8443
```
对于安全连接，还有以下参数 –ssl，–sslv2 或 -2，–sslv3 或 -3，–tlsv1 或 -l，–tlsv1.0，–tlsv1.1，–tlsv1.2