about & in java

Q:

public class ai {
	public static int foo(int x){
		int countx = 0;
		while(x != 0){
			countx++;
			x = x&(x-1);
			System.out.println(x);
		}
		return countx;
	}
	
	public static void main(String []args){
		System.out.println(foo(9999));
	}
}

求输出是什么

A:

答案为8

&为逻辑与运算，将左右两边的数转为二进制并求与值，所以本题的运算过程如下：

x = 9999&9998 = ‭0010 0111 0000 1111‬ & ‭0010 0111 0000 1110 = 0010 0111 0000 1110 = 9998, countx = 1

x = 9998&9997 = 0010 0111 0000 1110 & 0010 0111 0000 1101 = 0010 0111 0000 1100 = 9996, countx = 2

x = 9996&9995 = 0010 0111 0000 1100 & 0010 0111 0000 1011 = 0010 0111 0000 1000 = 9992, countx = 3

x = 9992&9991 = 0010 0111 0000 1000 & 0010 0111 0000 0111 = 0010 0111 0000 0000 = 9984, countx = 4

x = 9984&9983 = 0010 0111 0000 0000 & 0010 0110 1111 1111 = 0010 0110 0000 0000 = 9728, countx = 5

x = 9728&9727 = 0010 0110 0000 0000 & 0010 0101 1111 1111 = 0010 0100 0000 0000 = 9216, countx = 6

x = 9216&9215 = 0010 0100 0000 0000 & 0010 0011 1111 1111 = 0010 0000 0000 0000 = 8192, countx = 7

x = 8192&8191 = 0010 0000 0000 0000 & 0001 1111 1111 1111 = 0000 0000 0000 0000 = 0       , countx = 8

所以程序最终输出为8.