题目来源:https://pintia.cn/problem-sets/994805342720868352/problems/994805343043829760
备考汇总贴:2020年6月PAT甲级满分必备刷题技巧
This is a problem given in the Graduate Entrance Exam in 2018: Which of the following is NOT a topological order obtained from the given directed graph? Now you are supposed to write a program to test each of the options.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line gives two positive integers N (≤ 1,000), the number of vertices in the graph, and M (≤ 10,000), the number of directed edges. Then M lines follow, each gives the start and the end vertices of an edge. The vertices are numbered from 1 to N. After the graph, there is another positive integer K (≤ 100). Then K lines of query follow, each gives a permutation of all the vertices. All the numbers in a line are separated by a space.
Output Specification:
Print in a line all the indices of queries which correspond to "NOT a topological order". The indices start from zero. All the numbers are separated by a space, and there must no extra space at the beginning or the end of the line. It is graranteed that there is at least one answer.
Sample Input:
6 8
1 2
1 3
5 2
5 4
2 3
2 6
3 4
6 4
5
1 5 2 3 6 4
5 1 2 6 3 4
5 1 2 3 6 4
5 2 1 6 3 4
1 2 3 4 5 6
Sample Output:
3 4
题意(源自liuchuo,经过了我的编辑补充)
给一个有向图,判断给定序列是否是拓扑序列。
分析
1.拓扑序列在近三年考题中只出现了一次,有可能再考。由于关于拓扑的练习题在甲级题库里只有一道,补充PTA的另一道题:任务调度的合理性 (25分)
2.用邻接表v存储这个有向图,并将每个节点的入度保存在in数组中。对每一个要判断是否是拓扑序列的结点遍历,如果当前结点的入度不为0则表示不是拓扑序列,每次选中某个点后要将它所指向的所有结点的入度-1,最后根据是否出现过入度不为0的点决定是否要输出当前的编号i
3.flag是用来判断之前是否输出过现在是否要输出空格的
4.judge是用来判断是否是拓扑序列的
满分代码
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int n, m, a, b, k, flag = 0, in[1010];
vector<int> v[1010];
scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
v[a].push_back(b);
in[b]++;
}
scanf("%d", &k);
for (int i = 0; i < k; i++) {
int judge = 1;
vector<int> tin(in, in+n+1);
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
scanf("%d", &a);
if (tin[a] != 0) judge = 0;
for (int it : v[a]) tin[it]--;
}
if (judge == 1) continue;
printf("%s%d", flag == 1 ? " ": "", i);
flag = 1;
}
return 0;
}
特别推荐:任务调度的合理性 (25分)
备考汇总贴:2020年6月PAT甲级满分必备刷题技巧
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