SPRING BOOT MVC 框架中的验证码

创建 Spring MVC 项目

在 https://start.spring.io/上，创建项目

 

输入项目信息：

• 名称：LearnSpringMVCWithRealApps
• 组：com.demo
• 神器：LearnSpringMVCWithRealApps
• 描述：通过真实应用学习 Spring MVC
• 包：com.demo

配置 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
						http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.demo</groupId>
	<artifactId>LearnSpringMVCWithRealApps</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>LearnSpringMVCWithRealApps</name>
	<description>Learn Spring MVC with Real Apps</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.2.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath /> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>

		<!-- Spring MVC  -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- JSTL tag lib -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
			<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
			<version>1.2.1</version>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
			<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
			<version>1.1.2</version>
		</dependency>

		<!-- Tomcat for JSP rendering -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
			<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
			<scope>provided</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

配置 application.properties

spring.mvc.view.prefix = /WEB-INF/views/
spring.mvc.view.suffix = .jsp
spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=/resources/**

server.port=9596

实体类

创建名为com.demo.entities的新包。在这个包中，创建实体类如下：

账户实体

创建新的 java 类，命名为Account.java

package com.demo.entities;

public class Account {

	private String username;
	private String password;
	private String captcha;

	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}

	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}

	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}

	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}

	public String getCaptcha() {
		return captcha;
	}

	public void setCaptcha(String captcha) {
		this.captcha = captcha;
	}

}

 

创建验证码控制器

创建名为com.demo.controllers的新包。在这个包中，创建名为CaptchaController.java的新 java 类，用于生成验证码，如下所示：

package com.demo.controllers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("captcha")
public class CaptchaController {

	@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public void index(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		response.setContentType("image/jpg");
		int iTotalChars = 6;
		int iHeight = 40;
		int iWidth = 150;
		Font fntStyle1 = new Font("Arial", Font.BOLD, 30);
		Random randChars = new Random();
		String sImageCode = (Long.toString(Math.abs(randChars.nextLong()), 36)).substring(0, iTotalChars);
		BufferedImage biImage = new BufferedImage(iWidth, iHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		Graphics2D g2dImage = (Graphics2D) biImage.getGraphics();
		int iCircle = 15;
		for (int i = 0; i < iCircle; i++) {
			g2dImage.setColor(new Color(randChars.nextInt(255), randChars.nextInt(255), randChars.nextInt(255)));
		}
		g2dImage.setFont(fntStyle1);
		for (int i = 0; i < iTotalChars; i++) {
			g2dImage.setColor(new Color(randChars.nextInt(255), randChars.nextInt(255), randChars.nextInt(255)));
			if (i % 2 == 0) {
				g2dImage.drawString(sImageCode.substring(i, i + 1), 25 * i, 24);
			} else {
				g2dImage.drawString(sImageCode.substring(i, i + 1), 25 * i, 35);
			}
		}
		OutputStream osImage = response.getOutputStream();
		ImageIO.write(biImage, "jpeg", osImage);
		g2dImage.dispose();
		HttpSession session = request.getSession();
		session.setAttribute("captcha_security", sImageCode);
	}

}

创建控制器

在com.demo.controllers包中，创建名为AccountController.java的新 java 类，如下所示：

package com.demo.controllers;

import com.demo.entities.Account;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("account")
public class AccountController {

	@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
	public String index(ModelMap modelMap) {
		modelMap.put("account", new Account());
		return "account/index";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "save", method = RequestMethod.POST)
	public String save(@ModelAttribute("account") Account account, HttpSession session, HttpServletRequest request,
			ModelMap modelMap) {
		String captcha = session.getAttribute("captcha_security").toString();
		String verifyCaptcha = request.getParameter("captcha");
		if (captcha.equals(verifyCaptcha)) {
			modelMap.put("account", account);
			return "account/success";
		} else {
			modelMap.put("error", "Captcha Invalid");
			return "account/index";
		}
	}

}

 

创建视图

在src\main中使用路径webapp\WEB-INF\views创建新文件夹。在views文件夹中，创建名为account的新文件夹。在帐户文件夹中，创建新的JSP 页面，如下所示：

索引视图

创建名为index.jsp的新jsp文件

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Register Account</title>
</head>
<body>

	<h3>Register Account</h3>
	<s:form method="post" modelAttribute="account"
		action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/account/save">
		<table>
			<tr>
				<td>Username</td>
				<td>
					<s:input path="username" required="required"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Password</td>
				<td>
					<s:password path="password" required="required"/>
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>Captcha</td>
				<td>
					<img src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/captcha">
					<br>
					<input type="text" name="captcha" required="required" style="margin-top: 5px;">
					<br>
					${error }
				</td>
			</tr>
			<tr>
				<td>&nbsp;</td>
				<td>
					<input type="submit" value="Save">
				</td>
			</tr>
		</table>
	</s:form>

</body>
</html>

成功观

创建名为success.jsp的新jsp文件

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
	pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Success</title>
</head>
<body>

	<h3>Account Info</h3>
	Username: ${account.username }
	<br> Password: ${account.password }

</body>
</html>

Spring MVC 项目结构

 

运行应用程序

选择com.demo包中的LearnSpringMVCWithRealAppsApplication.java文件，右键选择Run As/Spring Boot App菜单

使用以下 url访问帐户控制器中的索引方法： http://localhost:9596/account

输出

使用无效验证码进行测试，如下所示：

 

 

 

使用有效的验证码进行测试，如下所示：

 

参考

我建议您参考以下书籍以进一步了解本文中的知识：

• Spring MVC 初学者指南 - 第二版
• Spring Boot 在行动
• 专业弹簧靴
• 验证码作为图形密码
• 使用 Java 服务器页面进行 Web 开发