NetBeans IDE 向导自动生成JPA代码创建CRUD WEB应用

 在数据库中创建表（表名最好为单数英文形式）

CREATE TABLE `book` (
	`bid` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
	`author` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
	`status` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
	`title` VARCHAR(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL COLLATE 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',
	PRIMARY KEY (`bid`) USING BTREE
)
COLLATE='utf8mb4_unicode_ci'
ENGINE=InnoDB
;

在NetBeans IDE中创建maven web应用

 

使用向导从数据库表创建实体类：

 

自动生成的实体类代码如下：

/*
 * Click nbfs://nbhost/SystemFileSystem/Templates/Licenses/license-default.txt to change this license
 * Click nbfs://nbhost/SystemFileSystem/Templates/Classes/Class.java to edit this template
 */
package com.example.jpawebtomcat;

import java.io.Serializable;
import javax.persistence.Basic;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.NamedQueries;
import javax.persistence.NamedQuery;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
import javax.validation.constraints.Size;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;

/**
 *
 * @author Administrator
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "book")
@XmlRootElement
@NamedQueries({
    @NamedQuery(name = "Book.findAll", query = "SELECT b FROM Book b"),
    @NamedQuery(name = "Book.findByBid", query = "SELECT b FROM Book b WHERE b.bid = :bid"),
    @NamedQuery(name = "Book.findByAuthor", query = "SELECT b FROM Book b WHERE b.author = :author"),
    @NamedQuery(name = "Book.findByStatus", query = "SELECT b FROM Book b WHERE b.status = :status"),
    @NamedQuery(name = "Book.findByTitle", query = "SELECT b FROM Book b WHERE b.title = :title")})
public class Book implements Serializable {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    @Id
    @Basic(optional = false)
    @NotNull
    @Size(min = 1, max = 255)
    @Column(name = "bid")
    private String bid;
    @Size(max = 255)
    @Column(name = "author")
    private String author;
    @Size(max = 255)
    @Column(name = "status")
    private String status;
    @Size(max = 255)
    @Column(name = "title")
    private String title;

    public Book() {
    }

    public Book(String bid) {
        this.bid = bid;
    }

    public String getBid() {
        return bid;
    }

    public void setBid(String bid) {
        this.bid = bid;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public String getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(String status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int hash = 0;
        hash += (bid != null ? bid.hashCode() : 0);
        return hash;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object object) {
        // TODO: Warning - this method won't work in the case the id fields are not set
        if (!(object instanceof Book)) {
            return false;
        }
        Book other = (Book) object;
        if ((this.bid == null && other.bid != null) || (this.bid != null && !this.bid.equals(other.bid))) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "com.example.jpawebtomcat.Book[ bid=" + bid + " ]";
    }

}

使用向导从实体类创建控制器类：

自动生成的JPA控制器代码如下：

/*
 * Click nbfs://nbhost/SystemFileSystem/Templates/Licenses/license-default.txt to change this license
 * Click nbfs://nbhost/SystemFileSystem/Templates/Classes/Class.java to edit this template
 */
package com.example.jpawebtomcat;

import com.example.jpawebtomcat.exceptions.NonexistentEntityException;
import com.example.jpawebtomcat.exceptions.PreexistingEntityException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;
import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Query;
import javax.persistence.EntityNotFoundException;
import javax.persistence.criteria.CriteriaQuery;
import javax.persistence.criteria.Root;

/**
 *
 * @author Administrator
 */
public class BookJpaController implements Serializable {

    public BookJpaController(EntityManagerFactory emf) {
        this.emf = emf;
    }
    private EntityManagerFactory emf = null;

    public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
        return emf.createEntityManager();
    }

    public void create(Book book) throws PreexistingEntityException, Exception {
        EntityManager em = null;
        try {
            em = getEntityManager();
            em.getTransaction().begin();
            em.persist(book);
            em.getTransaction().commit();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            if (findBook(book.getBid()) != null) {
                throw new PreexistingEntityException("Book " + book + " already exists.", ex);
            }
            throw ex;
        } finally {
            if (em != null) {
                em.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public void edit(Book book) throws NonexistentEntityException, Exception {
        EntityManager em = null;
        try {
            em = getEntityManager();
            em.getTransaction().begin();
            book = em.merge(book);
            em.getTransaction().commit();
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            String msg = ex.getLocalizedMessage();
            if (msg == null || msg.length() == 0) {
                String id = book.getBid();
                if (findBook(id) == null) {
                    throw new NonexistentEntityException("The book with id " + id + " no longer exists.");
                }
            }
            throw ex;
        } finally {
            if (em != null) {
                em.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public void destroy(String id) throws NonexistentEntityException {
        EntityManager em = null;
        try {
            em = getEntityManager();
            em.getTransaction().begin();
            Book book;
            try {
                book = em.getReference(Book.class, id);
                book.getBid();
            } catch (EntityNotFoundException enfe) {
                throw new NonexistentEntityException("The book with id " + id + " no longer exists.", enfe);
            }
            em.remove(book);
            em.getTransaction().commit();
        } finally {
            if (em != null) {
                em.close();
            }
        }
    }

    public List<Book> findBookEntities() {
        return findBookEntities(true, -1, -1);
    }

    public List<Book> findBookEntities(int maxResults, int firstResult) {
        return findBookEntities(false, maxResults, firstResult);
    }

    private List<Book> findBookEntities(boolean all, int maxResults, int firstResult) {
        EntityManager em = getEntityManager();
        try {
            CriteriaQuery cq = em.getCriteriaBuilder().createQuery();
            cq.select(cq.from(Book.class));
            Query q = em.createQuery(cq);
            if (!all) {
                q.setMaxResults(maxResults);
                q.setFirstResult(firstResult);
            }
            return q.getResultList();
        } finally {
            em.close();
        }
    }

    public Book findBook(String id) {
        EntityManager em = getEntityManager();
        try {
            return em.find(Book.class, id);
        } finally {
            em.close();
        }
    }

    public int getBookCount() {
        EntityManager em = getEntityManager();
        try {
            CriteriaQuery cq = em.getCriteriaBuilder().createQuery();
            Root<Book> rt = cq.from(Book.class);
            cq.select(em.getCriteriaBuilder().count(rt));
            Query q = em.createQuery(cq);
            return ((Long) q.getSingleResult()).intValue();
        } finally {
            em.close();
        }
    }

}

  手工编写Servlet调用自动生成的Controller进行CRUD

package com.example.jpawebtomcat;

import com.example.jpawebtomcat.exceptions.NonexistentEntityException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet(name = "BookServlet", urlPatterns = {"/BookServlet"})
public class BookServlet extends HttpServlet {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
    private static final String PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME = "com.example_jpawebtomcat_war_1.0-SNAPSHOTPU";
    private BookJpaController bookDao;

    @Override
    public void init() {
        EntityManagerFactory emFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(PERSISTENCE_UNIT_NAME);
        bookDao = new BookJpaController(emFactory);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        String action = request.getParameter("action");
        if (action == null) {
            action = "";
        }

        switch (action) {
            case "new":
                showNewForm(request, response);
                break;
            case "insert":
                insertBook(request, response);
                break;
            case "delete":
                deleteBook(request, response);
                break;
            case "edit":
                showEditForm(request, response);
                break;
            case "update":
                updateBook(request, response);
                break;
            default:
                listBook(request, response);
                break;
        }

    }

    private void listBook(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws IOException, ServletException {
        List<Book> listBook = bookDao.findBookEntities();
        request.setAttribute("listBook", listBook);
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("book-list.jsp");
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    }

    private void showNewForm(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("book-form.jsp");
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);
    }

    private void showEditForm(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {

        Book existingBook = bookDao.findBook(request.getParameter("bid"));
        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = request.getRequestDispatcher("book-form.jsp");
        request.setAttribute("book", existingBook);
        dispatcher.forward(request, response);

    }

    private void insertBook(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws IOException {
        Book newBook = new Book();
        newBook.setAuthor(request.getParameter("author"));
        newBook.setBid(request.getParameter("bid"));
        newBook.setTitle(request.getParameter("title"));
        newBook.setStatus(request.getParameter("status"));

        try {
            bookDao.create(newBook);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(BookServlet.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
        response.sendRedirect("?action=list");
    }

    private void updateBook(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws IOException {
        Book book = new Book();
        book.setAuthor(request.getParameter("author"));
        book.setBid(request.getParameter("bid"));
        book.setTitle(request.getParameter("title"));
        book.setStatus(request.getParameter("status"));
        try {
            bookDao.edit(book);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(BookServlet.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
        response.sendRedirect("?action=list");
    }

    private void deleteBook(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws IOException {

        try {
            bookDao.destroy(request.getParameter("bid"));
        } catch (NonexistentEntityException ex) {
            Logger.getLogger(BookServlet.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
        }
        response.sendRedirect("?action=list");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }
}

手工编写html和jsp页面

book-list.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Book Management Application</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <center>
        <h1>Book Management</h1>
        <h2>
            <a href="?action=new">Add New Book</a>
            &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
            <a href="?action=list">List All Books</a>

        </h2>
    </center>
    <div align="center">
        <table border="1" cellpadding="5">
            <caption><h2>List of Books</h2></caption>
            <tr>
                <th>ID</th>
                <th>Author</th>
                <th>Status</th>
                <th>Title</th>
                <th>Actions</th>
            </tr>
            <c:forEach var="book" items="${listBook}">
                <tr>
                    <td><c:out value="${book.bid}" /></td>
                    <td><c:out value="${book.author}" /></td>
                    <td><c:out value="${book.status}" /></td>
                    <td><c:out value="${book.title}" /></td>
                    <td>
                        <a href="?action=edit&bid=<c:out value='${book.bid}' />">Edit</a>
                        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
                        <a href="?action=delete&bid=<c:out value='${book.bid}' />">Delete</a>
                    </td>
                </tr>
            </c:forEach>
        </table>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

book-form.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Book Management Application</title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <center>
        <h1>Book Management</h1>
        <h2>
            <a href="?action=new">Add New Book</a>
            &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
            <a href="?action=list">List All Books</a>

        </h2>
    </center>
    <div align="center">
        <c:if test="${book != null}">
            <form action="?action=update" method="post">
            </c:if>
            <c:if test="${book == null}">
                <form action="?action=insert" method="post">
                </c:if>
                <table border="1" cellpadding="5">
                    <caption>
                        <h2>
                            <c:if test="${book != null}">
                                Edit Book
                            </c:if>
                            <c:if test="${book == null}">
                                Add New Book
                            </c:if>
                        </h2>
                    </caption>
                    <tr>
                        <th>Book ID: </th>
                        <td>
                            <input type="text" name="bid" size="45"
                                   value="<c:out value='${book.bid}' />"
                                   />
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th>Book Author: </th>
                        <td>
                            <input type="text" name="author" size="45"
                                   value="<c:out value='${book.author}' />"
                                   />
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th>Book Status: </th>
                        <td>
                            <input type="text" name="status" size="45"
                                   value="<c:out value='${book.status}' />"
                                   />
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <th>Book Title: </th>
                        <td>
                            <input type="text" name="title" size="15"
                                   value="<c:out value='${book.title}' />"
                                   />
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                    <tr>
                        <td colspan="2" align="center">
                            <input type="submit" value="Save" />
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </table>
            </form>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

在pom.xml中增加数据库驱动包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>jpawebtomcat</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>jpawebtomcat</name>

    <properties>
        <endorsed.dir>${project.build.directory}/endorsed</endorsed.dir>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.28</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.core</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.asm</artifactId>
            <version>9.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.antlr</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.jpql</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.moxy</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.persistence</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.modelgen.processor</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.9</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax</groupId>
            <artifactId>javaee-web-api</artifactId>
            <version>7.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                    <compilerArguments>
                        <endorseddirs>${endorsed.dir}</endorseddirs>
                    </compilerArguments>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.6</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>validate</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>copy</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <outputDirectory>${endorsed.dir}</outputDirectory>
                            <silent>true</silent>
                            <artifactItems>
                                <artifactItem>
                                    <groupId>javax</groupId>
                                    <artifactId>javaee-endorsed-api</artifactId>
                                    <version>7.0</version>
                                    <type>jar</type>
                                </artifactItem>
                            </artifactItems>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

向导使用的JPA实现是EclipseLink：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.1" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd">
    <persistence-unit name="com.example_jpawebtomcat_war_1.0-SNAPSHOTPU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <provider>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider</provider>
        <class>com.example.jpawebtomcat.Book</class>
        <exclude-unlisted-classes>false</exclude-unlisted-classes>
        <shared-cache-mode>NONE</shared-cache-mode>
        <properties>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db?autoReconnect=true&amp;useSSL=false&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="root"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="root"/>
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

TOMCAT下运行输出：

 

源码下载：

https://github.com/allwaysoft/netbean-auto-jpa-web-mysql-tomcathttps://github.com/allwaysoft/netbean-auto-jpa-web-mysql-tomcat