在Thymeleaf中格式化日期

1. 简介

在本文中，我们将介绍在百里香叶模板中格式化日期的方法。我们将使用 Thymeleaf 引擎中提供的特殊#calendars实用程序，该实用程序是为模板上的日期操作而创建的。

2. 使用实用程序类#calendar

Thymeleaf带有一个名为#calendars的特殊实用程序类，可以在表达式语句中用于格式化日期。

以下代码显示了具有特定模式的日期格式设置示例：

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${#calendars.format(cal, 'dd/MMM/yyyy HH:mm')}

在模式中，我们可以使用以下字母（与SimpleDateFormat模式非常相似）：

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G - Era designator (before christ, after christ)
y - Year (e.g. 12 or 2012). Use either yy or yyyy.
M - Month in the year. Number of M's determine length of format (e.g. MM, MMM or MMMMM)
d - Day in a month. Number of d's determine length of format (e.g. d or dd)
h - Hour of the day, 1-12 (AM / PM) (normally hh)
H - Hour of the day, 0-23 (normally HH)
m - Minute in an hour, 0-59 (normally mm)
s - Second in a minute, 0-59 (normally ss)
S - Millisecond in second, 0-999 (normally SSS)
E - Day in a week (e.g Monday, Tuesday, etc.)
D - Day in the year (1-366)
F - Day of week in the month (e.g. 1st Thursday of December)
w - Week in the year (1-53)
W - Week in a month (0-5)
a - AM / PM marker
k - Hour in day (1-24, unlike HH's 0-23)
K - Hour in day, AM / PM (0-11)
z - Time Zone

3. 现实生活中的例子

现在让我们在实际应用程序中使用#calendars实用程序类。

项目结构如下：

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── pom.xml
├── src
│   ├── main
│   │   ├── java
│   │   │   └── com
│   │   │       └── frontbackend
│   │   │           └── thymeleaf
│   │   │               ├── Application.java
│   │   │               ├── config
│   │   │               │   └── WebConfig.java
│   │   │               └── controller
│   │   │                   └── IndexController.java
│   │   └── resources
│   │       ├── messages_en_US.properties
│   │       ├── messages_es.properties
│   │       ├── messages.properties
│   │       └── templates
│   │           └── index.html

对根上下文的所有GET请求都由 处理。此外，我们使用日期设置变量。我们将使用此变量通过更改区域设置来检查格式将如何更改。IndexControllerexampleDate20/06/2020

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package com.frontbackend.thymeleaf.controller;

import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class IndexController {

    private final static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MM/yyyy");

    @GetMapping
    public String main(Model model) throws ParseException {
        model.addAttribute("exampleDate", sdf.parse("20/06/2020"));
        return "index";
    }
}

WebConfig class is used to change default Spring Boot locale configuration and to set - that will handle language change initialized on the frontend.LocaleChangeInterceptor

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package com.frontbackend.thymeleaf.config;

import java.util.Locale;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.LocaleChangeInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.i18n.SessionLocaleResolver;

@Configuration
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    @Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
        SessionLocaleResolver localeResolver = new SessionLocaleResolver();
        localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(Locale.US);
        return localeResolver;
    }

    @Bean
    public LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor() {
        LocaleChangeInterceptor localeChangeInterceptor = new LocaleChangeInterceptor();
        localeChangeInterceptor.setParamName("lang");
        return localeChangeInterceptor;
    }

    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        registry.addInterceptor(localeChangeInterceptor());
    }
}

Message bundle for localized messages has the following content:

messages.properties:

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home.title=Title
date.format=MM/dd/yyyy

messages_es.properties

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home.title=Título
date.format=dd/MM/yyyy

Finally our Thymeleaf template - :index.html

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<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8"/>
    <title>Spring Boot Thymeleaf Application - Bootstrap Date Format</title>

    <link th:rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{assets/bootstrap-slider/css/bootstrap-slider.css}"/>
    <link th:rel="stylesheet" th:href="@{webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0-2/css/bootstrap.min.css} "/>
</head>
<body>

<!-- Navigation -->
<nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-dark bg-dark static-top">
    <div class="container">
        <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">Thymeleaf - Bootstrap Date Format</a>
        <button class="navbar-toggler" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarResponsive"
                aria-controls="navbarResponsive"
                aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation">
            <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span>
        </button>
        <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="navbarResponsive">
            <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto">
                <li class="nav-item active">
                    <a class="nav-link" href="#">Home
                        <span class="sr-only">(current)</span>
                    </a>
                </li>
                <li class="nav-item">
                    <a class="nav-link" href="#">About</a>
                </li>
                <li class="nav-item">
                    <a class="nav-link" href="#">Services</a>
                </li>
                <li class="nav-item">
                    <a class="nav-link" href="#">Contact</a>
                </li>
                <li class="nav-item dropdown">
                    <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownMenuLink" role="button"
                       data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"
                       th:text="${#strings.toUpperCase(#locale)}">
                    </a>
                    <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownMenuLink">
                        <a class="dropdown-item" th:href="@{/(lang=en)}">English</a>
                        <a class="dropdown-item" th:href="@{/(lang=es)}">Spanish</a>
                    </div>
                </li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</nav>

<div class="container">

    <div class="row">
        <div class="col mt-5">

            <h1 th:text="#{home.title}"></h1>

            <div th:with="df=#{date.format}">Date formatted by locale: <strong
                    th:text="${#calendars.format(exampleDate,df)}"></strong></div>

            <div>Custom date format 1: <strong
                    th:text="${#calendars.format(exampleDate,'yyyy.MM.dd G,  HH:mm:ss z')}"></strong></div>

            <div>Custom date format 2: <strong
                    th:text="${#calendars.format(exampleDate,'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSSZ')}"></strong></div>

            <div>Custom date format 3: <strong
                    th:text="${#calendars.format(exampleDate,'EEE, d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z')}"></strong></div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>


<script th:src="@{/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/webjars/popper.js/umd/popper.min.js}"></script>
<script th:src="@{/webjars/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.min.js}"></script>

</body>
</html>

我们使用区域设置变量来设置具有本地化日期格式的对象。df

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<div th:with="df=#{date.format}">Date formatted by locale: <strong
                    th:text="${#calendars.format(exampleDate,df)}"></strong></div>

该应用程序具有以下功能：

4. 结论

在本文中，我们介绍了如何在百里香叶模板中格式化日期。我们使用了一个示例 Spring Boot 应用程序，并更改了默认区域设置配置，以展示如何使用与区域设置相关的日期格式。

像往常一样，本文中使用的代码可在我们的GitHub 存储库下找到