dubbo复习：（8）使用sentinel对服务进行降级

一、下载sentinel-dashboard控制台应用并在8080端口启动
二、项目添加springboot 和dubbo相关依赖（降级规则并未持久化，如果需要持久化，如果需要持久化降级规则，只需增加nacos相关依赖并在nacos中进行配置，然后配置application.properties或application.yml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>dubbo-service-provider2</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>8</source>
                    <target>8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <dubbo.version>3.1.8</dubbo.version>
        <spring-boot.version>2.7.10</spring-boot.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.7.10</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper</artifactId>
            <type>pom</type>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-registry-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-apache-dubbo-adapter</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.7</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-transport-simple-http</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.7</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>




    </dependencies>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
                <artifactId>dubbo-dependencies-zookeeper</artifactId>
                <version>${dubbo.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2021.0.1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2021.0.1.0</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>

        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

</project>

三、配置文件

server:
  port: 9811
dubbo:
  application:
    name: dubbo-springboot-demo-provider
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 28095
  registry:
    address: zookeeper://xx.xx.xx.xx:2181

四、配置jvm参数

-Djava.net.perferIPv4Stack=true
-Dcsp.sentinel.api.port=8720
-Dcsp.sentinel.dashboard.server=localhost:8080
-Dproject.name=spring-cloud-sentinel-dubbo-provider

五、定义服务接口、服务实现（其中服务实现中故意制造出了除零异常用来测试降级，handleException方法是降级时被调用的方法）

package cn.edu.tju.service;

public interface DemoService {

    String sayHello(String name);
}

package cn.edu.tju.service;

import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.annotation.SentinelResource;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.BlockException;
import com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.degrade.DegradeException;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import org.apache.dubbo.config.annotation.DubboService;

import java.util.Date;


@DubboService(loadbalance = "")
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {

    @SentinelResource(value = "sayHello", fallback = "handleException")
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        int t = 1/0;

        return "Hay " + name;
    }

    public String handleException(String name,Throwable ex) {
        String className = ex.getClass().getName();
        if(className.equals("com.alibaba.csp.sentinel.slots.block.degrade.DegradeException")){
            JsonObject jsonObject=new JsonObject();
            jsonObject.addProperty("code",500);
            jsonObject.addProperty("message","降级原因:"+ex.getMessage()+" "+ex.getClass().getName());
            return jsonObject.toString();
        }
        else {
            JsonObject jsonObject=new JsonObject();
            jsonObject.addProperty("code",500);
            jsonObject.addProperty("message","异常原因:"+ex.getMessage()+" "+ex.getClass().getName());
            return jsonObject.toString();
        }
    }


}

六、在sentinel-dashboard控制台配置降级规则

其中资源名要和接口实现中方法上@SentinelResource注解上的value值相同
七、客户端调用dubbo服务sayHello接口，满足降级的条件后，将从接口获取到类似如下的响应（其中getDubbo这个接口调用了上面的sayHello接口）

可见降级规则起作用了