C++父类子类中虚函数的使用

构造函数不能是虚函数，因为在调用构造函数创建对象时，构造函数必须是确定的，所以构造函数不能是虚函数。

析构函数可以是虚函数。

 

1.父类Father.h：

#pragma once class Father { public: Father(void); virtual ~Father(void); virtual int getCount(); public: int count; };

Father.cpp

#include "StdAfx.h" #include "Father.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; Father::Father(void) { count = 1; cout<<"Father is called. count = "<<count<<endl; } Father::~Father(void) { cout<<"~Father is called."<<endl; } int Father::getCount() { cout<<"Father::getCount() count = "<<count<<endl; return count; }

 

2.子类Child.h：

#pragma once #include "father.h" class Child : public Father { public: Child(void); virtual ~Child(void); virtual int getCount(); int getAge(); public: int age; };

Child.cpp

#include "StdAfx.h" #include "Child.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; Child::Child(void) { count = 2; age = 20; cout<<"Child is called. count = "<<count<<", age = "<<age<<endl; } Child::~Child(void) { cout<<"~Child is called."<<endl; } int Child::getCount() { cout<<"Child::getCount() count = "<<count<<endl; return count; } int Child::getAge() { cout<<"Child::getAge() age = "<<age<<endl; return age; }

3.测试类Test.cpp

#include "stdafx.h" #include <cstdlib> #include <iostream> #include "Child.h" using namespace std; int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { Father *father1 = new Father(); cout<<"father1 count = "<<father1->getCount()<<endl; delete father1; cout<<"************** father1 end *****************"<<endl<<endl; Father *father2 = new Child(); cout<<"father2 count = "<<father2->getCount()<<endl; // father2 don't have getAge() method delete father2; cout<<"************** father2 end *****************"<<endl<<endl; Child *child = new Child(); cout<<"child count = "<<child->getCount()<<endl; cout<<"child age = "<<child->getAge()<<endl; delete child; cout<<"************** child end *****************"<<endl<<endl; getchar(); return 0; }

4.输出结果：

Father is called. count = 1
Father::getCount() count = 1
father1 count = 1
~Father is called.
************** father1 end *****************

 

Father is called. count = 1
Child is called. count = 2, age = 20
Child::getCount() count = 2
father2 count = 2
~Child is called.
~Father is called.
************** father2 end *****************

 

Father is called. count = 1
Child is called. count = 2, age = 20
Child::getCount() count = 2
child count = 2
Child::getAge() age = 20
child age = 20
~Child is called.
~Father is called.
************** child end *****************