L A T E X L^AT_EX LATEX中的数学符号
使用语法
行内公式
- 前后两边使用
$
包裹,例如:
f ( x ) = x 3 + 2 x 2 + 4 f_{(x)}=x^3+2x^2+4 f(x)=x3+2x2+4 - 源码为
$f_{(x)}=x^3+2x^2+4$
多行公式
- 代码块上下使用
$$
包裹,例如:
[ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ] \left[ \begin{array}{c|cc} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline 4 & 5 & 6 \\ 7 & 8 & 9 \end{array} \right] ⎣⎡147258369⎦⎤
- 源代码为:
$$
\left[
\begin{array}{c|cc}
1 & 2 & 3 \\ \hline
4 & 5 & 6 \\
7 & 8 & 9
\end{array}
\right]
$$
符号
二元运算符
表达式 | 源码 |
---|---|
± \pm ± | \pm |
∓ \mp ∓ | \mp |
× \times × | \times |
÷ \div ÷ | \div |
∗ \ast ∗ | \ast |
⋆ \star ⋆ | \star |
∣ \mid ∣ | \mid |
∤ \nmid ∤ | \nmid |
∘ \circ ∘ | \circ |
∙ \bullet ∙ | \bullet |
⋅ \cdot ⋅ | \cdot |
≀ \wr ≀ | \wr |
⋄ \diamond ⋄ | \diamond |
◊ \Diamond ◊ | \Diamond |
△ \triangle △ | \triangle |
△ \bigtriangleup △ | \bigtriangleup |
▽ \bigtriangledown ▽ | \bigtriangledown |
◃ \triangleleft ◃ | \triangleleft |
▹ \triangleright ▹ | \triangleright |
⊲ \lhd ⊲ | \lhd |
⊳ \rhd ⊳ | \rhd |
⊴ \unlhd ⊴ | \unlhd |
⊵ \unrhd ⊵ | \unrhd |
∘ \circ ∘ | \circ |
◯ \bigcirc ◯ | \bigcirc |
⊙ \odot ⊙ | \odot |
⨀ \bigodot ⨀ | \bigodot |
⊘ \oslash ⊘ | \oslash |
⊖ \ominus ⊖ | \ominus |
⊗ \otimes ⊗ | \otimes |
⨂ \bigotimes ⨂ | \bigotimes |
⊕ \oplus ⊕ | \oplus |
⨁ \bigoplus ⨁ | \bigoplus |
† \dagger † | \dagger |
‡ \ddagger ‡ | \ddagger |
⨿ \amalg ⨿ | \amalg |
关系符号
表达式 | 源码 |
---|---|
≤ \leq ≤ | \leq |
≥ \geq ≥ | \geq |
≡ \equiv ≡ | \equiv |
⊨ \models ⊨ | \models |
≺ \prec ≺ | \prec |
≻ \succ ≻ | \succ |
∼ \sim ∼ | \sim |
⊥ \perp ⊥ | \perp |
⪯ \preceq ⪯ | \preceq |
⪰ \succeq ⪰ | \succeq |
≃ \simeq ≃ | \simeq |
∣ \mid ∣ | \mid |
≪ \ll ≪ | \ll |
≫ \gg ≫ | \gg |
≍ \asymp ≍ | \asymp |
∥ \parallel ∥ | \parallel |
≈ \approx ≈ | \approx |
≅ \cong ≅ | \cong |
≠ \neq = | \neq |
≐ \doteq ≐ | \doteq |
∝ \propto ∝ | \propto |
⋈ \bowtie ⋈ | \bowtie |
⋈ \Join ⋈ | \Join |
⌣ \smile ⌣ | \smile |
⌢ \frown ⌢ | \frown |
⊢ \vdash ⊢ | \vdash |
⊣ \dashv ⊣ | \dashv |
箭头
表达式 | 源码 |
---|---|
↑ \uparrow ↑ | \uparrow |
↓ \downarrow ↓ | \downarrow |
↕ \updownarrow ↕ | \updownarrow |
⇑ \Uparrow ⇑ | \Uparrow |
⇓ \Downarrow ⇓ | \Downarrow |
⇕ \Updownarrow ⇕ | \Updownarrow |
→ \rightarrow → | \rightarrow |
← \leftarrow ← | \leftarrow |
↔ \leftrightarrow ↔ | \leftrightarrow |
⇒ \Rightarrow ⇒ | \Rightarrow |
⇐ \Leftarrow ⇐ | \Leftarrow |
⇔ \Leftrightarrow ⇔ | \Leftrightarrow |
⟶ \longrightarrow ⟶ | \longrightarrow |
⟵ \longleftarrow ⟵ | \longleftarrow |
⟷ \longleftrightarrow ⟷ | \longleftrightarrow |
⟹ \Longrightarrow ⟹ | \Longrightarrow |
⟸ \Longleftarrow ⟸ | \Longleftarrow |
⟺ \Longleftrightarrow ⟺ | \Longleftrightarrow |
↦ \mapsto ↦ | \mapsto |
⟼ \longmapsto ⟼ | \longmapsto |
↩ \hookleftarrow ↩ | \hookleftarrow |
↪ \hookrightarrow ↪ | \hookrightarrow |
⇀ \rightharpoonup ⇀ | \rightharpoonup |
↽ \leftharpoondown ↽ | \leftharpoondown |
⇌ \rightleftharpoons ⇌ | \rightleftharpoons |
↼ \leftharpoonup ↼ | \leftharpoonup |
⇁ \rightharpoondown ⇁ | \rightharpoondown |
⇝ \leadsto ⇝ | \leadsto |
↗ \nearrow ↗ | \nearrow |
↘ \searrow ↘ | \searrow |
↙ \swarrow ↙ | \swarrow |
↖ \nwarrow ↖ | \nwarrow |
集合关系
表达式 | 源码 |
---|---|
∅ \emptyset ∅ | \emptyset |
∈ \in ∈ | \in |
∋ \ni ∋ | \ni |
∉ \notin ∈/ | \notin |
⊂ \subset ⊂ | \subset |
⊃ \supset ⊃ | \supset |
⊄ \not\subset ⊂ | \not\subset |
⊆ \subseteq ⊆ | \subseteq |
⊇ \supseteq ⊇ | \supseteq |
∪ \cup ∪ | \cup |
⋃ \bigcup ⋃ | \bigcup |
∩ \cap ∩ | \cap |
⋂ \bigcap ⋂ | \bigcap |
⊎ \uplus ⊎ | \uplus |
⨄ \biguplus ⨄ | \biguplus |
⊏ \sqsubset ⊏ | \sqsubset |
⊐ \sqsupset ⊐ | \sqsupset |
⊓ \sqcap ⊓ | \sqcap |
⊑ \sqsubseteq ⊑ | \sqsubseteq |
⊒ \sqsupseteq ⊒ | \sqsupseteq |
∨ \vee ∨ | \vee |
∧ \wedge ∧ | \wedge |
∖ \setminus ∖ | \setminus |
逻辑运算
表达式 | 源码 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
∵ \because ∵ | \because | 因为 |
∴ \therefore ∴ | \therefore | 所以 |
∀ \forall ∀ | \forall | 任意 |
∃ \exist ∃ | \exist | 存在 |
∨ \vee ∨ | \vee | 逻辑与 |
∧ \wedge ∧ | \wedge | 逻辑或 |
⋁ \bigvee ⋁ | \bigvee | 逻辑与 |
⋀ \bigwedge ⋀ | \bigwedge | 逻辑或 |
上下标符号
\bar{a}
a
ˉ
\bar{a}
aˉ
\acute{a}
a
ˊ
\acute{a}
aˊ
\breve{a}
a
˘
\breve{a}
a˘
\grave{a}
a
ˋ
\grave{a}
aˋ
\dot{a}
a
˙
\dot{a}
a˙
\ddot{a}
a
¨
\ddot{a}
a¨
\hat{a}
a
^
\hat{a}
a^
\check{a}
a
ˇ
\check{a}
aˇ
\breve{a}
a
˘
\breve{a}
a˘
\tilde{a}
a
~
\tilde{a}
a~
\vec{a}
a
⃗
\vec{a}
a
\overline{a + b + c + d}
a
+
b
+
c
+
d
‾
\overline{a + b + c + d}
a+b+c+d
\underline{a + b + c + d}
a
+
b
+
c
+
d
‾
\underline{a + b + c + d}
a+b+c+d
\overbrace{a + b + c + d}
a
+
b
+
c
+
d
⏞
\overbrace{a + b + c + d}
a+b+c+d
\underbrace{a + b + c + d}
a
+
b
+
c
+
d
⏟
\underbrace{a + b + c + d}
a+b+c+d
\overbrace{a + \underbrace{b + c}_{1.0} + d}^{2.0}
a
+
b
+
c
⏟
1.0
+
d
⏞
2.0
\overbrace{a + \underbrace{b + c}_{1.0} + d}^{2.0}
a+1.0
b+c+d
2.0
省略号
表达式 | 源码 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
… \dots … | \dots | 一般用于有下标的序列 |
… \ldots … | \ldots | |
⋯ \cdots ⋯ | \cdots | 纵向位置比\dots稍高 |
⋮ \vdots ⋮ | \vdots | 竖向 |
⋱ \ddots ⋱ | \ddots |
- 综合案例
x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n \quad \quad 1, 2, \cdots, n \quad \quad \vdots \quad\quad \ddots
x 1 , x 2 , … , x n 1 , 2 , ⋯ , n ⋮ ⋱ x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n \quad \quad 1, 2, \cdots, n \quad \quad \vdots \quad\quad \ddots x1,x2,…,xn1,2,⋯,n⋮⋱
空格
表达式 | 源码 | 说明 |
---|---|---|
123 123 123\!123 123123 | 123\!123 | 空格距离:-3/18 em |
123 , 123 123,123 123,123 | 123,123 | 空格距离:3/18 em |
123 : 123 123:123 123:123 | 123:123 | 空格距离:4/18 em |
123 ; 123 123;123 123;123 | 123;123 | 空格距离:5/18 em |
123 123 123 \ 123 123 123 | 123 \ 123 | 空格距离:5/18 em |
123 123 123\quad123 123123 | 123\quad123 | 空格距离:1 em |
123 123 123\qquad123 123123 | 123\qquad123 | 空格距离:2 em |
- 上表中的 em 是指当前文本中文本的字体尺寸
希腊字母
大写 | 源码 | 小写 | 源码 |
---|---|---|---|
A \Alpha A | \Alpha | α \alpha α | \alpha |
B \Beta B | \Beta | β \beta β | \beta |
Γ \Gamma Γ | \Gamma | γ \gamma γ | \gamma |
Δ \Delta Δ | \Delta | δ \delta δ | \delta |
E \Epsilon E | \Epsilon | ϵ \epsilon ϵ | \epsilon |
ε \varepsilon ε | \varepsilon | - | - |
Z \Zeta Z | \Zeta | ζ \zeta ζ | \zeta |
H \Eta H | \Eta | η \eta η | \eta |
Θ \Theta Θ | \Theta | θ \theta θ | \theta |
I \Iota I | \Iota | ι \iota ι | \iota |
K \Kappa K | \Kappa | κ \kappa κ | \kappa |
Λ \Lambda Λ | \Lambda | λ \lambda λ | \lambda |
M \Mu M | \Mu | μ \mu μ | \mu |
N \Nu N | \Nu | ν \nu ν | \nu |
Ξ \Xi Ξ | \Xi | ξ \xi ξ | \xi |
O \Omicron O | \Omicron | ο \omicron ο | \omicron |
Π \Pi Π | \Pi | π \pi π | \pi |
P \Rho P | \Rho | ρ \rho ρ | \rho |
Σ \Sigma Σ | \Sigma | σ \sigma σ | \sigma |
T \Tau T | \Tau | τ \tau τ | \tau |
Υ \Upsilon Υ | \Upsilon | υ \upsilon υ | \upsilon |
Φ \Phi Φ | \Phi | ϕ \phi ϕ | \phi |
φ \varphi φ | \varphi | - | - |
X \Chi X | \Chi | χ \chi χ | \chi |
Ψ \Psi Ψ | \Psi | ψ \psi ψ | \psi |
Ω \Omega Ω | \Omega | ω \omega ω | \omega |
其他符号
表达式 | 源码 |
---|---|
ℵ \aleph ℵ | \aleph |
ℏ \hbar ℏ | \hbar |
ı \imath ı | \imath |
ȷ \jmath ȷ | \jmath |
ℓ \ell ℓ | \ell |
℘ \wp ℘ | \wp |
ℜ \Re ℜ | \Re |
ℑ \Im ℑ | \Im |
℧ \mho ℧ | \mho |
∇ \nabla ∇ | \nabla |
√ \surd √ | \surd |
⊤ \top ⊤ | \top |
⊥ \bot ⊥ | \bot |
¬ \neg ¬ | \neg |
♭ \flat ♭ | \flat |
♮ \natural ♮ | \natural |
♯ \sharp ♯ | \sharp |
\ \backslash \ | \backslash |
∂ \partial ∂ | \partial |
□ \Box □ | \Box |
♣ \clubsuit ♣ | \clubsuit |
♢ \diamondsuit ♢ | \diamondsuit |
♡ \heartsuit ♡ | \heartsuit |
♠ \spadesuit ♠ | \spadesuit |