ffmpeg的avformat_open_input()分析过程--以mp4为例（十）

概要 

avformat_open_input（），该函数用于打开多媒体数据并且获取一些信息，它的声明位于libavformat/avformat.h。主要工作

1）通过init_input打开流媒体数据，根据probe探测流媒体最合适的协议类型AVInputFormat，通过open2设置read/write/seek相关回调

2）read_header即根据对应的协议，读取媒体头信息并创建AVStream，并对流媒体进行解析（会对mp4文件进行解析，本文以MP4为例）

框架图

 函数和文件对应关系

代码分析

avformat_open_input(http.xxx.m3u8)
    init_input(s, filename, &tmp))
        1.是否设置了pb,如果设置了就直接av_probe_input_buffer2.一般情况下pb均为空,有特殊情况,下文有做说明
        2.是否设置了iformat,如果设置了直接返回;
          如果没指定iformat，但是可以从文件名中猜出iformat，也成功．  
        3.hls一般会走到这里io_open,如果从文件名中也猜不出媒体格式，则只能打开这个文件进行探测了，先打开文件  
        io_open(s, &s->pb, filename, AVIO_FLAG_READ | s->avio_flags, options)) < 0)
            io_open_default
                ffio_open_whitelist
                    ffurl_alloc
                        //探测是HTTP协议 URLProtocol ff_http_protocol
                        url_find_protocol(filename);  
                    ffurl_connect    //发送HTTP报文头，下载http.xxx.m3u8文件
        //读m3u8文件探测解复用是AVInputFormat *iformat ="hls,applehttp"
        *fmt = av_probe_input_buffer2(s->pb, &s->iformat, filename, s, 0, s->format_probesize);
        s->iformat->read_header(s);  //iformat iformat  hls.c-->hls_read_header

int avformat_open_input(AVFormatContext **ps, const char *filename,
                        AVInputFormat *fmt, AVDictionary **options)
{
    AVFormatContext *s = *ps;
    int i, ret = 0;
    AVDictionary *tmp = NULL;
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *id3v2_extra_meta = NULL;

    if (!s && !(s = avformat_alloc_context())) //如果s没有初始化，先初始化s
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    if (!s->av_class) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Input context has not been properly allocated by avformat_alloc_context() and is not NULL either\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }
    if (fmt)
        s->iformat = fmt;

    if (options)
        av_dict_copy(&tmp, *options, 0);

    if (s->pb) // must be before any goto fail
        s->flags |= AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO;

    if ((ret = av_opt_set_dict(s, &tmp)) < 0)
        goto fail;

    if (!(s->url = av_strdup(filename ? filename : ""))) {
        ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        goto fail;
    }

#if FF_API_FORMAT_FILENAME
FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    av_strlcpy(s->filename, filename ? filename : "", sizeof(s->filename));
FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif
	//	1. 重点在看这里：
    if ((ret = init_input(s, filename, &tmp)) < 0)
        goto fail;
    s->probe_score = ret;

    if (!s->protocol_whitelist && s->pb && s->pb->protocol_whitelist) {
        s->protocol_whitelist = av_strdup(s->pb->protocol_whitelist);
        if (!s->protocol_whitelist) {
            ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    if (!s->protocol_blacklist && s->pb && s->pb->protocol_blacklist) {
        s->protocol_blacklist = av_strdup(s->pb->protocol_blacklist);
        if (!s->protocol_blacklist) {
            ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    if (s->format_whitelist && av_match_list(s->iformat->name, s->format_whitelist, ',') <= 0) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Format not on whitelist \'%s\'\n", s->format_whitelist);
        ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
        goto fail;
    }

    avio_skip(s->pb, s->skip_initial_bytes);

    /* Check filename in case an image number is expected. */
    if (s->iformat->flags & AVFMT_NEEDNUMBER) {
        if (!av_filename_number_test(filename)) {
            ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
            goto fail;
        }
    }

    s->duration = s->start_time = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    /* Allocate private data. */
    if (s->iformat->priv_data_size > 0) {
        if (!(s->priv_data = av_mallocz(s->iformat->priv_data_size))) {
            ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            goto fail;
        }
        if (s->iformat->priv_class) {
            *(const AVClass **) s->priv_data = s->iformat->priv_class;
            av_opt_set_defaults(s->priv_data);
            if ((ret = av_opt_set_dict(s->priv_data, &tmp)) < 0)
                goto fail;
        }
    }

    /* e.g. AVFMT_NOFILE formats will not have a AVIOContext */
    if (s->pb)
        ff_id3v2_read_dict(s->pb, &s->internal->id3v2_meta, ID3v2_DEFAULT_MAGIC, &id3v2_extra_meta);


    if (!(s->flags&AVFMT_FLAG_PRIV_OPT) && s->iformat->read_header)
    //重点2
        if ((ret = s->iformat->read_header(s)) < 0)
            goto fail;

    if (!s->metadata) {
        s->metadata = s->internal->id3v2_meta;
        s->internal->id3v2_meta = NULL;
    } else if (s->internal->id3v2_meta) {
        int level = AV_LOG_WARNING;
        if (s->error_recognition & AV_EF_COMPLIANT)
            level = AV_LOG_ERROR;
        av_log(s, level, "Discarding ID3 tags because more suitable tags were found.\n");
        av_dict_free(&s->internal->id3v2_meta);
        if (s->error_recognition & AV_EF_EXPLODE)
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
    }

    if (id3v2_extra_meta) {
        if (!strcmp(s->iformat->name, "mp3") || !strcmp(s->iformat->name, "aac") ||
            !strcmp(s->iformat->name, "tta")) {
            if ((ret = ff_id3v2_parse_apic(s, &id3v2_extra_meta)) < 0)
                goto fail;
            if ((ret = ff_id3v2_parse_chapters(s, &id3v2_extra_meta)) < 0)
                goto fail;
            if ((ret = ff_id3v2_parse_priv(s, &id3v2_extra_meta)) < 0)
                goto fail;
        } else
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "demuxer does not support additional id3 data, skipping\n");
    }
    ff_id3v2_free_extra_meta(&id3v2_extra_meta);

    if ((ret = avformat_queue_attached_pictures(s)) < 0)
        goto fail;

    if (!(s->flags&AVFMT_FLAG_PRIV_OPT) && s->pb && !s->internal->data_offset)
        s->internal->data_offset = avio_tell(s->pb);

    s->internal->raw_packet_buffer_remaining_size = RAW_PACKET_BUFFER_SIZE;

    update_stream_avctx(s);

    for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++)
        s->streams[i]->internal->orig_codec_id = s->streams[i]->codecpar->codec_id;

    if (options) {
        av_dict_free(options);
        *options = tmp;
    }
    *ps = s;
    return 0;

fail:
    ff_id3v2_free_extra_meta(&id3v2_extra_meta);
    av_dict_free(&tmp);
    if (s->pb && !(s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO))
        avio_closep(&s->pb);
    avformat_free_context(s);
    *ps = NULL;
    return ret;
}

avformat_open_input主要执行了三个步骤：

1）avformat_alloc_context---上一篇文章已经有单独介绍

2）init_input

a)提供的文件名信息不能探测格式

b)探测是HTTP协议 URLProtocol ff_http_protocol

c)读m3u8文件探测解复用是AVInputFormat *iformat ="hls,applehttp"

d）s->iformat->read_header2(s, &tmp2) iformat iformat  hls.c-->hls_read_header

1、init_input：

int init_input(AVFormatContext *s, const char *filename,