参考文章:
https://www.cnblogs.com/ysocean/p/8032656.html Java数据结构和算法(十三)——哈希表(强推)
https://www.cnblogs.com/skywang12345/p/3310835.html Java 集合系列10之 HashMap详细介绍(源码解析)和使用示例
https://github.com/liuyubobobo/Play-with-Algorithms
哈希表也是一种重要的数据结构,其核心思想是 “用空间换时间” ,其查询操作基本上能达到 O(1) 级别。哈希表的原理,上面两篇博客应该能够将的明明白白,代码部分参考 波波老师 的代码部分,写的是非常的优雅。
下面不讲原理,直接上代码主体部分:
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TreeMap;
public class HashTable<K, V> {
private static final int upperTol = 10;
private static final int lowerTol = 2;
private static final int initCapacity = 7;
private TreeMap<K, V>[] hashtable;
private int size;
private int M;
public HashTable(int M){
this.M = M;
size = 0;
hashtable = new TreeMap[M];
for(int i = 0 ; i < M ; i ++)
hashtable[i] = new TreeMap<>();
}
public HashTable(){
this(initCapacity);
}
private int hash(K key){
return (key.hashCode() & 0x7fffffff) % M;
}
public int getSize(){
return size;
}
public void add(K key, V value){
TreeMap<K, V> map = hashtable[hash(key)];
if(map.containsKey(key))
map.put(key, value);
else{
map.put(key, value);
size ++;
if(size >= upperTol * M)
resize(2 * M);
}
}
public V remove(K key){
V ret = null;
TreeMap<K, V> map = hashtable[hash(key)];
if(map.containsKey(key)){
ret = map.remove(key);
size --;
if(size < lowerTol * M && M / 2 >= initCapacity)
resize(M / 2);
}
return ret;
}
public void set(K key, V value){
TreeMap<K, V> map = hashtable[hash(key)];
if(!map.containsKey(key))
throw new IllegalArgumentException(key + " doesn't exist!");
map.put(key, value);
}
public boolean contains(K key){
return hashtable[hash(key)].containsKey(key);
}
public V get(K key){
return hashtable[hash(key)].get(key);
}
private void resize(int newM){
TreeMap<K, V>[] newHashTable = new TreeMap[newM];
for(int i = 0 ; i < newM ; i ++)
newHashTable[i] = new TreeMap<>();
int oldM = M;
this.M = newM;
for(int i = 0 ; i < oldM ; i ++){
TreeMap<K, V> map = hashtable[i];
for(K key: map.keySet())
newHashTable[hash(key)].put(key, map.get(key));
}
this.hashtable = newHashTable;
}
}