HZ的概念

HZ跟CPU频率没关系，HZ，The frequency of the system timer (the tick rate) is programmed on system boot based on a static preprocessor define,HZ.每秒发中断次数timer interrupt (IRQ 0)次数。
Tick， 1/HZ,        HZ=100时，tick=10ms
Jiffies，开机以来每次tick，++Jiffies

#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <asm/param.h>
#include <time.h>

#define USECREQ 250
#define LOOPS   1000

void event_handler (int signum)
{
 static unsigned long cnt = 0;
 static struct timeval tsFirst;
 if (cnt == 0) {
   gettimeofday (&tsFirst, 0);
 }
 cnt ++;
 if (cnt >= LOOPS) {
   struct timeval tsNow;
   struct timeval diff;
   setitimer (ITIMER_REAL, NULL, NULL);
   gettimeofday (&tsNow, 0);
   timersub(&tsNow, &tsFirst, &diff);
   unsigned long long udiff = (diff.tv_sec * 1000000) + diff.tv_usec;
   double delta = (double)(udiff/cnt)/1000000;
   int hz = (unsigned)(1.0/delta);
   printf ("kernel timer interrupt frequency is approx. %d Hz", hz);
   if (hz >= (int) (1.0/((double)(USECREQ)/1000000))) {
     printf (" or higher");
   }
   printf ("\n");
   exit (0);
 }
}

int main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  printf("%d\n", HZ);
struct timespec res;
     double resolution;

     printf("UserHZ   %ld\n", sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK));

     clock_getres(CLOCK_REALTIME, &res);
     resolution = res.tv_sec + (((double)res.tv_nsec)/1.0e9);

     printf("SystemHZ %ld\n", (unsigned long)(1/resolution + 0.5));

 struct sigaction sa;
 struct itimerval timer;

 memset (&sa, 0, sizeof (sa));
 sa.sa_handler = &event_handler;
 sigaction (SIGALRM, &sa, NULL);
 timer.it_value.tv_sec = 0;
 timer.it_value.tv_usec = USECREQ;
 timer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
 timer.it_interval.tv_usec = USECREQ;
 setitimer (ITIMER_REAL, &timer, NULL);
 while (1);
}

g++ -lrt test.cc

centos64，，2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64

100
UserHZ   100
SystemHZ 1000000000
kernel timer interrupt frequency is approx. 4016 Hz or higher

redhat54 2.6.18-164.el5 x86_64

100
UserHZ   100
SystemHZ 1000
kernel timer interrupt frequency is approx. 1002 Hz

grep TSC /var/log/messages
Dec 30 13:59:10 vdc06 kernel: Fast TSC calibration using PIT
Dec 30 13:59:10 vdc06 kernel: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 1999.999 MHz.

grep clock /var/log/messages
Dec 30 13:59:10 vdc06 kernel: Switching to clocksource hpet
Dec 30 13:59:10 vdc06 kernel: rtc_cmos 00:04: setting system clock to 2013-12-30 05:58:59 UTC (1388383139)
Dec 30 13:59:10 vdc06 kernel: Refined TSC clocksource calibration: 1999.999 MHz.
Dec 30 13:59:10 vdc06 kernel: Switching to clocksource tsc
Dec 30 13:59:10 vdc06 kernel: PTP clock support registered

TSC定时器使用

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
static unsigned cyc_hi = 0;
static unsigned cyc_lo = 0;
void access_counter(unsigned *hi, unsigned *lo)
{
        asm("rdtsc; movl %%edx, %0; movl %%eax, %1"
                        : "=r" (*hi), "=r" (*lo)
                        : /* No input */
                        : "%edx", "%eax");
        return;
}

void start_counter(void)
{
        access_counter(&cyc_hi, &cyc_lo);
        return;
}
double get_counter(void)
{
        unsigned int    ncyc_hi, ncyc_lo;
        unsigned int    hi, lo, borrow;
        double  result;

        /* Get cycle counter */
        access_counter(&ncyc_hi, &ncyc_lo);

        /* Do double precision subtraction */
        lo = ncyc_lo - cyc_lo;
        borrow = lo > ncyc_lo;
        hi = ncyc_hi - cyc_hi - borrow;

        result = (double)hi * (1 << 30) * 4 + lo;
        if (result < 0) {
                printf("Error: counter returns neg value: %.0f\n", result);
        }
        return result;
}
int main()
{
start_counter();
sleep(2);
double cnt = get_counter();
printf("counter = %lf.\n",cnt);
}

counter = 4000216988.000000