结合属性文件的工厂模式（java反射的应用）

简述：

利用Java反射实现抽象工厂的工厂方法模式

Job作为一个接口，其方法为void  showJobInfo（），分别被Driver类和Teacher类实现，

JobFactory作为一个工厂，返回的是实现Job接口的Job对象，分别指向不同的实例（Teacher和Driver的实例）

其中构造Teacher和Driver的方法分别是无参构造函数，和有参构造函数，之后再

使用Class的ForClass（ClassName）.newInstance 以及 Constructor方法获取实例

其中，使用了job.properties文件存储了类和其包名，properties对象pro的信息从文件流读取

所有的文件及代码实现

如图：

配置文件

job.properties

driver=design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory.Driver
teacher=design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory.Teacher

Job接口

Job.java

package design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory;

public interface Job {
	void showJobInfo();
}

Driver类

Driver.java

package design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory;

public class Driver implements Job{
	private int drivingYears;
	public Driver(){drivingYears = 0;}
	public Driver(int drivingYears){
		this.drivingYears = drivingYears;
	}
	@Override
	public void showJobInfo() {
		System.out.println("I work as a driver for " + drivingYears + " years!");
	}

}

Teacher类

Teacher.java

package design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory;

public class Teacher implements Job{
	private int teachingYears;
	public Teacher(){teachingYears = 0;}
	public Teacher(int teachingYears){
		this.teachingYears = teachingYears;
	}
	@Override
	public void showJobInfo() {
		System.out.println("I work as a teacher for " + teachingYears + " years!");
	}

}

JobFactory工厂类，用于得到实现Job接口的实例

JobFactory.java

package design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;

public class JobFactory {
	private static Job job = null;
    public static Job getInstance(String ClassName){
        try{
            job = (Job)Class.forName(ClassName).newInstance();
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return job;
    }
    public static Job getInstance(String ClassName, int workingYears){
        try{
        	Constructor<?> constructor_workingYears = Class.forName(ClassName)
        				.getConstructor(int.class);
            job = (Job)constructor_workingYears.newInstance(workingYears);
        }catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return job;
    }
}

测试类,包括job.properties获取具体的包和类名信息

Test.java

package design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Properties;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
        Properties pro = new Properties();
        File file = new File("./src/design_pattern/reflection/abstract_factory/job.properties");
        if(file.exists()){
            pro.load(new FileInputStream(file));
        }else{
            pro.setProperty("driver", "design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory.Driver");
            pro.setProperty("teacher", "design_pattern.reflection.abstract_factory.Teacher");
            pro.store(new FileOutputStream(file), "JOB CLASS");
        }
        //pro.getProperty("driver") gets the direct path of Class ->Driver
        //1. constructor with parameters workingYears
        Job jobOfDriver = JobFactory.getInstance(pro.getProperty("driver"), 20);
        if(jobOfDriver != null){
        	jobOfDriver.showJobInfo();
        }
        
        //2. without parameter in constructor
        Job jobOfTeacher = JobFactory.getInstance(pro.getProperty("teacher"));
    if(jobOfTeacher != null){
        	jobOfTeacher.showJobInfo();
        }
	}
}

输出：分别是利用反射有参构造的Driver和无参构造的Teacher