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***参考：***Gstreamer应用开发手册5：构建一个应用
注意
１：gst_pad_link (pad, sinkpad);//将两个ｐａｄ　进行链接
２：g_object_set (G_OBJECT (source), “location”, argv[1], NULL); //设置播放源
３：当碰见动态创建　ｐａｄ　的　element　需要特殊对待。
　　只能上面的方法

gst_element_link (source, demuxer);
gst_element_link_many (decoder, conv, sink, NULL);
//gst_element_link_many (source, demuxer,decoder, conv, sink, NULL); 这样不可以，因为　“由于”oggdemux”为每个元数据流动态创建衬垫，所以你得为”oggdemux”元件设置"pad- added" 的事件处理函数。”

#include <gst/gst.h>
#include <glib.h>
 
 
static gboolean
bus_call (GstBus     *bus,
          GstMessage *msg,
          gpointer    data)
{
  GMainLoop *loop = (GMainLoop *) data;
 
  switch (GST_MESSAGE_TYPE (msg)) {
 
    case GST_MESSAGE_EOS:
      g_print ("End of stream\n");
      g_main_loop_quit (loop);
      break;
 
    case GST_MESSAGE_ERROR: {
      gchar  *debug;
      GError *error;
 
      gst_message_parse_error (msg, &error, &debug);
      g_free (debug);
 
      g_printerr ("Error: %s\n", error->message);
      g_error_free (error);
 
      g_main_loop_quit (loop);
      break;
    }
    default:
      break;
  }
 
  return TRUE;
}
 
 
static void
on_pad_added (GstElement *element,//实现动态链接
              GstPad     *pad,
              gpointer    data)
{
  GstPad *sinkpad;
  GstElement *decoder = (GstElement *) data;
 
  /* We can now link this pad with the vorbis-decoder sink pad */
  g_print ("Dynamic pad created, linking demuxer/decoder\n");
 
  sinkpad = gst_element_get_static_pad (decoder, "sink");
 
  gst_pad_link (pad, sinkpad);//将两个ｐａｄ　进行链接
 
  gst_object_unref (sinkpad);
}
 
 
 
int
main (int   argc,
      char *argv[])
{
  GMainLoop *loop;
 
  GstElement *pipeline, *source, *demuxer, *decoder, *conv, *sink;
  GstBus *bus;
  guint bus_watch_id;
 
  /* Initialisation */
  gst_init (&argc, &argv);
 
  loop = g_main_loop_new (NULL, FALSE);
 
 
  /* Check input arguments */
  if (argc != 2) {
    g_printerr ("Usage: %s <Ogg/Vorbis filename>\n", argv[0]);
    return -1;
  }
 
 
  /* Create gstreamer elements */
  pipeline = gst_pipeline_new ("audio-player");
  source   = gst_element_factory_make ("filesrc",       "file-source");
  demuxer  = gst_element_factory_make ("oggdemux",      "ogg-demuxer");
  decoder  = gst_element_factory_make ("vorbisdec",     "vorbis-decoder");
  conv     = gst_element_factory_make ("audioconvert",  "converter");
  sink     = gst_element_factory_make ("autoaudiosink", "audio-output");
 
  if (!pipeline || !source || !demuxer || !decoder || !conv || !sink) {
    g_printerr ("One element could not be created. Exiting.\n");
    return -1;
  }
 
  /* Set up the pipeline */
 
  /* we set the input filename to the source element */
  g_object_set (G_OBJECT (source), "location", argv[1], NULL); //设置播放源
 
  /* we add a message handler */
  bus = gst_pipeline_get_bus (GST_PIPELINE (pipeline));
  bus_watch_id = gst_bus_add_watch (bus, bus_call, loop);
  gst_object_unref (bus);
 
  /* we add all elements into the pipeline */
  /* file-source | ogg-demuxer | vorbis-decoder | converter | alsa-output */
  gst_bin_add_many (GST_BIN (pipeline),
                    source, demuxer, decoder, conv, sink, NULL);
 
  /* we link the elements together */
  /* file-source -> ogg-demuxer ~> vorbis-decoder -> converter -> alsa-output */
  gst_element_link (source, demuxer);
  gst_element_link_many (decoder, conv, sink, NULL);
  //gst_element_link_many (source, demuxer,decoder, conv, sink, NULL); 这样不可以，因为　“由于”oggdemux”为每个元数据流动态创建衬垫，所以你得为”oggdemux”元件设置"pad- added" 的事件处理函数。”
  g_signal_connect (demuxer, "pad-added", G_CALLBACK (on_pad_added), decoder);
 
  /* note that the demuxer will be linked to the decoder dynamically.
     The reason is that Ogg may contain various streams (for example
     audio and video). The source pad(s) will be created at run time,
     by the demuxer when it detects the amount and nature of streams.
     Therefore we connect a callback function which will be executed
     when the "pad-added" is emitted.*/
 
 
  /* Set the pipeline to "playing" state*/
  g_print ("Now playing: %s\n", argv[1]);
  gst_element_set_state (pipeline, GST_STATE_PLAYING);
 
 
  /* Iterate */
  g_print ("Running...\n");
  g_main_loop_run (loop);
 
 
  /* Out of the main loop, clean up nicely */
  g_print ("Returned, stopping playback\n");
  gst_element_set_state (pipeline, GST_STATE_NULL);
 
  g_print ("Deleting pipeline\n");
  gst_object_unref (GST_OBJECT (pipeline));
  g_source_remove (bus_watch_id);
  g_main_loop_unref (loop);
 
  return 0;
}