java中4中创建对象的方式详解

第一种：new，这个很简单不多说。

第二种：利用clone方法，如下步骤

①  实现clone的类首先实现Cloneble接口，Cloneable接口实质上是一个标识接口，没有任何方法。

② 重写Object中的clone方法。

③ 在clone方法中调用super.clone()。无论clone类的继承结构是什么，super.clone()都会直接或者简介调用Object类中的clone方法。

如下示例代码：

package easy;

public class Obj implements Cloneable{
	private int a = 0;
	public Obj (){
		System.out.println("construct Obj");
	}
	public int getA() {
		return a;
	}
	public void setA(int a) {
		this.a = a;
	}
	public void changeA(){
		this.a = 1;
	}
	
	@Override
	protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
		Object o = null;
		try {
			o = (Object)super.clone();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return o;
	}

}

测试代码及输出：

package easy;

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			Obj a = new Obj();
			Obj b = (Obj) a.clone();
			b.changeA();
			System.out.println(a.getA());
			System.out.println(b.getA());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

第三种，利用反射：

如下示例代码：

package easy;

class Person{
	String name = "Jack";
	public Person(){
		System.out.println("construct Person");
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return name;
	}
}

public class Test {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Class clazz;
		try {
			clazz = Class.forName("easy.Person");
			Person p = (Person) clazz.newInstance();
			System.out.println(p);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

第四种：通过反序列化来创建对象。

示例代码如下：

package easy;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class People implements Serializable{
	private String name;
	public People(){
		this.name = "6点A君";
		System.out.println("construct people");
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return this.name;
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		People p = new People();
		System.out.println(p);
		ObjectOutputStream oos = null;
		ObjectInputStream ois = null;
		try {
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("test.out");
			oos = new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
			oos.writeObject(p);
			oos.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		People p1;
		try {
			FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("test.out");
			ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
			p1 = (People)ois.readObject();
			System.out.println(p1);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}