【翻译】【技术】Java入门：Command-Line Arguments

转自  http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/environment/cmdLineArgs.html

翻译完成，目前采用了中英对照的方式。如有翻译不周的地方，请指正。谢谢！

-----------------这里是最近有点忙的分割线，以下是中英对照，翻译不妥请指正-----------------------

A Java application can accept any number of arguments from the command line. This allows the user to specify configuration information when the application is launched.

Java应用程序可以接受用户输入任意数量的命令行参数。这使得用户可以在程序启动时设定配置信息。

The user enters command-line arguments when invoking the application and specifies them after the name of the class to be run. For example, suppose a Java application calledSort sorts lines in a file. To sort the data in a file namedfriends.txt, a user would enter:

在程序被调用时。用户可以在类名后面输入命令行参数。举个栗子，比如有个Java程序名为Sort, 可以在一个文档中进行行排序。如果想对一个名为friend.txt的文档进行排序的话，用户可以输入：

java Sort friends.txt

When an application is launched, the runtime system passes the command-line arguments to the application's main method via an array ofStrings. In the previous example, the command-line arguments passed to theSort application in an array that contains a single String:"friends.txt".

当程序启动时，运行时系统会通过一个String型数组，把命令行参数传递给程序的main方法。在之前的栗子中，命令行参数向Sort程序传递了一个只包含一个String "friends.txt"的数组。

Echoing Command-Line Arguments (Echo怎么翻译啊？感觉叫响应也不太合适嗯)

The Echo example displays each of its command-line arguments on a line by itself:

举例：下面的Echo可以将输入的每个命令行参数在单独一行中显示

public class Echo {
    public static void main (String[] args) {
        for (String s: args) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }
    }
}

The following example shows how a user might run Echo. User input is in italics.

下面的栗子展示了一个用户有可能运行Echo的情形.用户输入用斜体表示。

java Echo Drink Hot Java
Drink
Hot
Java

Note that the application displays each word — Drink, Hot, andJava — on a line by itself. This is because the space character separates command-line arguments. To haveDrink,Hot, andJava interpreted as a single argument, the user would join them by enclosing them within quotation marks.

注意，程序将每个输入参数——Drink, Hot 和 Java——分别在各自的行里显示。这是因为空格符将三个词隔开成为三个单独的参数。如果想让Drink, Hot和Java作为一个整体参数看待，那么用户应当把他们用双引号括起来。

java Echo "Drink Hot Java"
Drink Hot Java

Parsing Numeric Command-Line Arguments 解析数值型命令行参数

If an application needs to support a numeric command-line argument, it must convert aString argument that represents a number, such as "34", to a numeric value. Here is a code snippet that converts a command-line argument to anint:

如果一个程序想支持数值型命令行参数，那么它必须把一个代表数字的String型参数，比如“34”，转化成数值。下面的代码片把命令行参数转换为int型：

int firstArg;
if (args.length > 0) {
    try {
        firstArg = Integer.parseInt(args[0]);
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        System.err.println("Argument" + args[0] + " must be an integer.");
        System.exit(1);
    }
}

parseInt throws a NumberFormatException if the format ofargs[0] isn't valid. All of theNumber classes —Integer,Float, Double, and so on — haveparseXXX methods that convert aString representing a number to an object of their type.

如果args[0]的格式无效，parseInt会抛出NumberFormatException的异常。所有的数值类型——int, float, double等等——必须使用相应的parseXXX方法，把String型转换成对应类型的数值。