1, NSString <----> NSData
NSString --> NSData:
NSString *string = @"";
NSData *data = [string dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSData --> NSString:
NSData *data;
NSString *string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
2, NSData <-----> char*
NSData -->char*
NSData *data;
char *cstr = [data bytes];
char * -->NSData
char *cstr = malloc(sizeof(char)*16);
NSData *data = [NSData dataWithBytes:cstr length:16];