Android Retrofit2.4.0 使用教程

demo：
https://github.com/anymyna/android-example-ant

Retrofit是一个网络加载框架，网络请求的是OkHttp完成，Retrofit 负责网络请求接口的封装。使用注解，简化代码量。

步骤：

1、添加依赖

dependencies {
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.4.0'
    implementation 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.4.0'
    implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.6'
    implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp3:logging-interceptor:4.7.2'
}

2、添加网络权限

 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

3、新建描述网络请求的接口

public interface JsonPlaceHolderApi {

    @GET("posts")
    Call<List<Post>> getPosts();

    @GET("posts")
    Call<List<Post>> getPosts(@Query("userId") int userId);

    @GET("posts")
    Call<List<Post>> getPosts(@Query("userId") int userId, @Query("_order") String order);

    @GET("posts")
    Call<List<Post>> getPosts(@Query("userId") Integer[] userId);

    @GET("posts")
    Call<List<Post>> getPosts(@QueryMap Map<String, String> params);

    @GET("posts/{id}/comments")
    Call<List<Comment>> getComments(@Path("id") int postId);

    @GET
    Call<List<Comment>> getComments(@Url String url);

    @POST("posts")
    Call<Post> createPost(@Body Post post);

    @FormUrlEncoded
    @POST("posts")
    Call<Post> createPost(
            @Field("userId") int userId,
            @Field("title") String title,
            @Field("body") String body
    );

    @FormUrlEncoded
    @POST("posts")
    Call<Post> createPost(@FieldMap Map<String, String> fields);

    @PUT("posts/{id}")
    Call<Post> putPost(@Path("id") int id, @Body Post post);

    @PATCH("posts/{id}")
    Call<Post> patchPost(@Path("id") int id, @Body Post post);

    @DELETE("posts/{id}")
    Call<Void> deletePost(@Path("id") int id);
}

4、创建返回数据类型

   public class Post {

    private int userId;
    private int id;
    private String title;
    private String body;


    public Post(int userId, String title, String body) {
        this.userId = userId;
        this.title = title;
        this.body = body;
    }

    public int getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(int userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getTitle() {
        return title;
    }

    public void setTitle(String title) {
        this.title = title;
    }

    public String getBody() {
        return body;
    }

    public void setBody(String body) {
        this.body = body;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Post{" +
                "userId=" + userId +
                ", id=" + id +
                ", title='" + title + '\'' +
                ", body='" + body + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}
}

5、创建Retrofit对象和网络请求接口实例

        HttpLoggingInterceptor loggingInterceptor = new HttpLoggingInterceptor();
        loggingInterceptor.setLevel(HttpLoggingInterceptor.Level.BODY);
        OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .addInterceptor(new Interceptor() {
                    @NotNull
                    @Override
                    public okhttp3.Response intercept(@NotNull Chain chain) throws IOException {
                        Request request = chain.request().newBuilder()
                                .header("Interceptor-Header", "456")
                                .build();
                        return chain.proceed(request);
                    }
                })
                .addInterceptor(loggingInterceptor).build();
        Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl("http://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/")
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
                .client(okHttpClient)
                .build();
        jsonPlaceHolderApi = retrofit.create(JsonPlaceHolderApi.class);
}

6、发起网络请求

 private void getPosts() {

        Call<List<Post>> call = jsonPlaceHolderApi.getPosts();
        call.enqueue(new Callback<List<Post>>() {
            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call<List<Post>> call, Response<List<Post>> response) {
                if (!response.isSuccessful()) {
                    textView.setText("Code:" + response.code());
                    return;
                }

                List<Post> list = response.body();
                for (Post post : list) {
                    textView.append(post.toString() + "\n");
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call<List<Post>> call, Throwable t) {
                textView.setText(t.getMessage());
            }
        });
    }
}