Linux下，修改虚拟机内存引起oracle 11g ORA-00845错误的解决

oracle 11g ORA-00845错误解决

(2012-11-19 10:04:58)

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分类：oracle技术

oracle11g数据库，修改了内存参数memory_max_target=943718400,关闭数据库重新启动的时候报错
[oracle@instuctor shm]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Nov 19 09:34:112012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rightsreserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> exit
Disconnected

[oracle@instuctor shm]$ oerr ora 00845
00845, 00000, "MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system"
// *Cause: The MEMORY_TARGET parameter was not supported on thisoperating system or /dev/shm was not sized correctly onLinux.
// *Action: Refer to documentation for a list of supportedoperating systems. Or, size /dev/shm to be at least theSGA_MAX_SIZE on each

Oracle instance running on the system.

查看数据库的警告日志，同样看到了类似的报错信息

Mon Nov 19 09:34:14 2012
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
WARNING: You are trying to use the MEMORY_TARGET feature. Thisfeature requires the /dev/shm file system to be mounted for atleast 943718400

bytes. /dev/shm is either not mounted or is mounted withavailable space less than this size. Please fix this so thatMEMORY_TARGET can work

as expected. Current available is 845021184 and used is208900096 bytes. Ensure that the mount point is /dev/shm for thisdirectory.
memory_target needs larger /dev/shm

通过以上原因的分析，看来是/dev/shm剩余的空间太小了

 

[oracle@instuctor shm]$ df -H
Filesystem            Size   Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1              17G   15G   1.2G  93%/
tmpfs                 1.1G  209M   846M  20%/dev/shm
[oracle@instuctor shm]$

Oracle在metalink的文档：Doc ID:Note:460506.1中进行了说明。
解决这个问题只有两个方法，
1.修改初始化参数，使得初始化参数中SGA的设置小于/dev/shm的大小
2.调整/dev/shm的大小。

修改/dev/shm的大小可以通过修改/etc/fstab来实现：

[root@instuctor ~]# vi /etc/fstab

LABEL=/                /                      ext3   defaults       1 1
tmpfs                  /dev/shm               tmpfs   defaults,size=2G   00
devpts                 /dev/pts               devpts  gid=5,mode=620  0 0
sysfs                  /sys                   sysfs  defaults       0 0
proc                   /proc                  proc   defaults       0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda2        swap                   swap   defaults       0 0
~
~
[root@instuctor ~]# mount -o remount /dev/shm
[root@instuctor ~]# df -H
Filesystem            Size   Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1              17G   15G   1.2G  93%/
tmpfs                 2.2G  209M   2.0G  10%/dev/shm

扩大/dev/shm后，再次尝试启动数据库，没有问题。
[oracle@instuctor ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Nov 19 10:02:332012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rightsreserved.
Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  939495424 bytes
FixedSize                 2233960 bytes
VariableSize            616565144 bytes
DatabaseBuffers         314572800 bytes
RedoBuffers               6123520 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.