redis键清除

redis清除策略，惰性删除：只有在访问时候去看是否过期删除，定时清理：后台进程会定时去删除一些key，内存使用超过最大设置：在超过maxmemory设置后，会淘汰一些key.
下面是定时任务相关的代码：

#一秒调用server.hz次
/* This is our timer interrupt, called server.hz times per second.
 * Here is where we do a number of things that need to be done asynchronously.
 * For instance:
 *#做的工作，一秒干的活还挺多，这就要求每个任务都要很快完成，否则会有问题吧
 * - Active expired keys collection (it is also performed in a lazy way on
 *   lookup).
 * - Software watchdog.
 * - Update some statistic.
 * - Incremental rehashing of the DBs hash tables.
 * - Triggering BGSAVE / AOF rewrite, and handling of terminated children.
 * - Clients timeout of different kinds.
 * - Replication reconnection.
 * - Many more...
 *
 * Everything directly called here will be called server.hz times per second,
 * so in order to throttle execution of things we want to do less frequently
 * a macro is used: run_with_period(milliseconds) { .... }
 */

int serverCron(struct aeEventLoop *eventLoop, long long id, void *clientData) {
    int j;
    REDIS_NOTUSED(eventLoop);
    REDIS_NOTUSED(id);
    REDIS_NOTUSED(clientData);

    /* Software watchdog: deliver the SIGALRM that will reach the signal
     * handler if we don't return here fast enough. */
    if (server.watchdog_period) watchdogScheduleSignal(server.watchdog_period);

    /* We take a cached value of the unix time in the global state because
     * with virtual memory and aging there is to store the current time
     * in objects at every object access, and accuracy is not needed.
     * To access a global var is faster than calling time(NULL) */
    server.unixtime = time(NULL);

    run_with_period(100) trackOperationsPerSecond();

    /* We have just 22 bits per object for LRU information.
     * So we use an (eventually wrapping) LRU clock with 10 seconds resolution.
     * 2^22 bits with 10 seconds resolution is more or less 1.5 years.
     *
     * Note that even if this will wrap after 1.5 years it's not a problem,
     * everything will still work but just some object will appear younger
     * to Redis. But for this to happen a given object should never be touched
     * for 1.5 years.
     *
     * Note that you can change the resolution altering the
     * REDIS_LRU_CLOCK_RESOLUTION define.
     */
    updateLRUClock();

    /* Record the max memory used since the server was started. */
    if (zmalloc_used_memory() > server.stat_peak_memory)
        server.stat_peak_memory = zmalloc_used_memory();

    /* We received a SIGTERM, shutting down here in a safe way, as it is
     * not ok doing so inside the signal handler. */
    if (server.shutdown_asap) {
        if (prepareForShutdown(0) == REDIS_OK) exit(0);
        redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,"SIGTERM received but errors trying to shut down the server, check the logs for more information");
        server.shutdown_asap = 0;
    }

    /* Show some info about non-empty databases */
    run_with_period(5000) {
        for (j = 0; j < server.dbnum; j++) {
            long long size, used, vkeys;

            size = dictSlots(server.db[j].dict);
            used = dictSize(server.db[j].dict);
            vkeys = dictSize(server.db[j].expires);
            if (used || vkeys) {
                redisLog(REDIS_VERBOSE,"DB %d: %lld keys (%lld volatile) in %lld slots HT.",j,used,vkeys,size);
                /* dictPrintStats(server.dict); */
            }
        }
    }

    /* Show information about connected clients */
    if (!server.sentinel_mode) {
        run_with_period(5000) {
            redisLog(REDIS_VERBOSE,
                "%d clients connected (%d slaves), %zu bytes in use",
                listLength(server.clients)-listLength(server.slaves),
                listLength(server.slaves),
                zmalloc_used_memory());
        }
    }

    /* We need to do a few operations on clients asynchronously. */
    clientsCron();

    /* Handle background operations on Redis databases. */
    #在这里面执行的key清除任务
    databasesCron();

    /* Start a scheduled AOF rewrite if this was requested by the user while
     * a BGSAVE was in progress. */
     * #bgsave会触发aof rewrite
    if (server.rdb_child_pid == -1 && server.aof_child_pid == -1 &&
        server.aof_rewrite_scheduled)
    {
        rewriteAppendOnlyFileBackground();
    }

    /* Check if a background saving or AOF rewrite in progress terminated. */
    if (server.rdb_child_pid != -1 || server.aof_child_pid != -1) {
        int statloc;
        pid_t pid;

        if ((pid = wait3(&statloc,WNOHANG,NULL)) != 0) {
            int exitcode = WEXITSTATUS(statloc);
            int bysignal = 0;
            
            if (WIFSIGNALED(statloc)) bysignal = WTERMSIG(statloc);

            if (pid == server.rdb_child_pid) {
                backgroundSaveDoneHandler(exitcode,bysignal);
            } else if (pid == server.aof_child_pid) {
                backgroundRewriteDoneHandler(exitcode,bysignal);
            } else {
                redisLog(REDIS_WARNING,
                    "Warning, detected child with unmatched pid: %ld",
                    (long)pid);
            }
            updateDictResizePolicy();
        }
    } else {
        /* If there is not a background saving/rewrite in progress check if
         * we have to save/rewrite now */
         for (j = 0; j < server.saveparamslen; j++) {
            struct saveparam *sp = server.saveparams+j;

            /* Save if we reached the given amount of changes,
             * the given amount of seconds, and if the latest bgsave was
             * successful or if, in case of an error, at least
             * REDIS_BGSAVE_RETRY_DELAY seconds already elapsed. */
            if (server.dirty >= sp->changes &&
                server.unixtime-server.lastsave > sp->seconds &&
                (server.unixtime-server.lastbgsave_try >
                 REDIS_BGSAVE_RETRY_DELAY ||
                 server.lastbgsave_status == REDIS_OK))
            {
                redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"%d changes in %d seconds. Saving...",
                    sp->changes, sp->seconds);
                rdbSaveBackground(server.rdb_filename);
                break;
            }
         }

         /* Trigger an AOF rewrite if needed */
         if (server.rdb_child_pid == -1 &&
             server.aof_child_pid == -1 &&
             server.aof_rewrite_perc &&
             server.aof_current_size > server.aof_rewrite_min_size)
         {
            long long base = server.aof_rewrite_base_size ?
                            server.aof_rewrite_base_size : 1;
            long long growth = (server.aof_current_size*100/base) - 100;
            if (growth >= server.aof_rewrite_perc) {
                redisLog(REDIS_NOTICE,"Starting automatic rewriting of AOF on %lld%% growth",growth);
                rewriteAppendOnlyFileBackground();
            }
         }
    }


    /* If we postponed an AOF buffer flush, let's try to do it every time the
     * cron function is called. */
    if (server.aof_flush_postponed_start) flushAppendOnlyFile(0);

    /* Close clients that need to be closed asynchronous */
    freeClientsInAsyncFreeQueue();

    /* Replication cron function -- used to reconnect to master and
     * to detect transfer failures. */
    run_with_period(1000) replicationCron();

    /* Run the sentinel timer if we are in sentinel mode. */
    run_with_period(100) {
        if (server.sentinel_mode) sentinelTimer();
    }

    server.cronloops++;
    return 1000/server.hz;
}

下面是databasecron内容

/* This function handles 'background' operations we are required to do
 * incrementally in Redis databases, such as active key expiring, resizing,
 * rehashing. */
void databasesCron(void) {
    /* Expire keys by random sampling. Not required for slaves
     * as master will synthesize DELs for us. */
     #只是在master进行key的任务，操作过程会同步到slave上去
    if (server.active_expire_enabled && server.masterhost == NULL)
        activeExpireCycle();

    /* Perform hash tables rehashing if needed, but only if there are no
     * other processes saving the DB on disk. Otherwise rehashing is bad
     * as will cause a lot of copy-on-write of memory pages. */
    if (server.rdb_child_pid == -1 && server.aof_child_pid == -1) {
        /* We use global counters so if we stop the computation at a given
         * DB we'll be able to start from the successive in the next
         * cron loop iteration. */
        static unsigned int resize_db = 0;
        static unsigned int rehash_db = 0;
        unsigned int dbs_per_call = REDIS_DBCRON_DBS_PER_CALL;
        unsigned int j;

        /* Don't test more DBs than we have. */
        if (dbs_per_call > server.dbnum) dbs_per_call = server.dbnum;

        /* Resize */
        for (j = 0; j < dbs_per_call; j++) {
            tryResizeHashTables(resize_db % server.dbnum);
            resize_db++;
        }

        /* Rehash */
        if (server.activerehashing) {
            for (j = 0; j < dbs_per_call; j++) {
                int work_done = incrementallyRehash(rehash_db % server.dbnum);
                rehash_db++;
                if (work_done) {
                    /* If the function did some work, stop here, we'll do
                     * more at the next cron loop. */
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

下面的activeExpireCycle方法

/* ======================= Cron: called every 100 ms ======================== */

/* Try to expire a few timed out keys. The algorithm used is adaptive and
 * will use few CPU cycles if there are few expiring keys, otherwise
 * it will get more aggressive to avoid that too much memory is used by
 * keys that can be removed from the keyspace.
 *
 * No more than REDIS_DBCRON_DBS_PER_CALL databases are tested at every
 * iteration. */
void activeExpireCycle(void) {
    /* This function has some global state in order to continue the work
     * incrementally across calls. */
    static unsigned int current_db = 0; /* Last DB tested. */
    static int timelimit_exit = 0;      /* Time limit hit in previous call? */

    unsigned int j, iteration = 0;
    unsigned int dbs_per_call = REDIS_DBCRON_DBS_PER_CALL;
    long long start = ustime(), timelimit;

    /* We usually should test REDIS_DBCRON_DBS_PER_CALL per iteration, with
     * two exceptions:
     *
     * 1) Don't test more DBs than we have.
     * 2) If last time we hit the time limit, we want to scan all DBs
     * in this iteration, as there is work to do in some DB and we don't want
     * expired keys to use memory for too much time. */
    if (dbs_per_call > server.dbnum || timelimit_exit)
        dbs_per_call = server.dbnum;

    /* We can use at max REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_TIME_PERC percentage of CPU time
     * per iteration. Since this function gets called with a frequency of
     * server.hz times per second, the following is the max amount of
     * microseconds we can spend in this function. */
     * #下面这个是该函数能使用的最大的毫秒
    timelimit = 1000000*REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_TIME_PERC/server.hz/100;
    timelimit_exit = 0;
    if (timelimit <= 0) timelimit = 1;

    for (j = 0; j < dbs_per_call; j++) {
        int expired;
        redisDb *db = server.db+(current_db % server.dbnum);

        /* Increment the DB now so we are sure if we run out of time
         * in the current DB we'll restart from the next. This allows to
         * distribute the time evenly across DBs. */
        current_db++;

        /* Continue to expire if at the end of the cycle more than 25%
         * of the keys were expired. */
         * #下面这个结构体有点意思，REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON这个值是10，如果超过了10/4 个过期键就继续循环淘汰，如果过期的键很多，那么是通过16次迭代检查一次是否过期去决定是否终止的。
        do {
            unsigned long num, slots;
            long long now;

            /* If there is nothing to expire try next DB ASAP. */
            if ((num = dictSize(db->expires)) == 0) break;
            slots = dictSlots(db->expires);
            now = mstime();

            /* When there are less than 1% filled slots getting random
             * keys is expensive, so stop here waiting for better times...
             * The dictionary will be resized asap. */
            if (num && slots > DICT_HT_INITIAL_SIZE &&
                (num*100/slots < 1)) break;

            /* The main collection cycle. Sample random keys among keys
             * with an expire set, checking for expired ones. */
            expired = 0;
            if (num > REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON)
                num = REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON;
            while (num--) {
                dictEntry *de;
                long long t;

                if ((de = dictGetRandomKey(db->expires)) == NULL) break;
                t = dictGetSignedIntegerVal(de);
                if (now > t) {
                    sds key = dictGetKey(de);
                    robj *keyobj = createStringObject(key,sdslen(key));

                    propagateExpire(db,keyobj);
                    dbDelete(db,keyobj);
                    decrRefCount(keyobj);
                    expired++;
                    server.stat_expiredkeys++;
                }
            }
            /* We can't block forever here even if there are many keys to
             * expire. So after a given amount of milliseconds return to the
             * caller waiting for the other active expire cycle. */
            iteration++;
            if ((iteration & 0xf) == 0 && /* check once every 16 iterations. */
                (ustime()-start) > timelimit)
            {
                timelimit_exit = 1;
                return;
            }
        } while (expired > REDIS_EXPIRELOOKUPS_PER_CRON/4);
    }
}