配置静态元素过期时间
浏览器去访问网站时会把静态文件(图片,css , js)默认缓存在电脑里。这样下次访问时就不用再去远程下载了。缓存多长时间?浏览器会有自己的机制,清空缓存。或者在远程服务器端可以设置。
服务器通过expires模块可以定义失效时间。
服务器定义静态元素过期时间配置:
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive on //打开该功能的开关
ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 days"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType text/css "now plus 2 hour"
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresDefault "now plus 0 min"
</IfModule>
这是expires模块,开关(ExpiresActive on ),为某些类型的静态元素配置过期时间,gif 的时间为1天( ExpiresByType image/gif “access plus 1 days”),png的一天(ExpiresByType image/png “access plus 24 hours”),css的两小时( ExpiresByType text/css “now plus 2 hour”)
打开网站(111.com/logo.png),这是会显示304
在服务器段配置元素过期时间:
编辑虚拟主机配置文件:
[root@shuai-01 111.com]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/data/wwwroot/111.com"
ServerName 111.com
ServerAlias www.111.com www.example.com
# <Directory /data/wwwroot/111.com>
# <FilesMatch 123.php>
# AllowOverride AuthConfig
# AuthName "111.com user auth"
# AuthType Basic
# AuthUserFile /data/.htpasswd
# require valid-user
# </FilesMatch>
# </Directory>
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^111.com$
RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ http://111.com/$1 [R=301,L]
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive on
ExpiresByType image/gif "access plus 1 days"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType image/png "access plus 24 hours"
ExpiresByType text/css "now plus 2 hour"
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/javascript "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "now plus 2 hours"
ExpiresDefault "now plus 0 min"
</IfModule>
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.gif$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.jpg$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.png$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.bmp$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.swf$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.js$" img
SetEnvIf Request_URI ".*\.css$" img
ErrorLog "logs/111.com-error_log"
CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache2.4/bin/rotatelogs -l logs/111.com-access_%Y%m%d.log 86400" combined env=!img
</VirtualHost>
这是一个模块,先看这个模块文件有没有打开
[root@shuai-01 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -M |grep expires
在主配置文件中加载模块
[root@shuai-01 111.com]# vim /usr/local/apache2.4/conf/httpd.conf
LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so
LoadModule expires_module modules/mod_expires.so
LoadModule headers_module modules/mod_headers.so
检查配置文件语法是否错误并重新加载
[root@shuai-01 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl -t
Syntax OK
[root@shuai-01 111.com]# /usr/local/apache2.4/bin/apachectl graceful
这是在访问网站(111.com/logo.png)
没做过期和做了过期前后对比:
没做过期
做过期
在curl里也能反映出来
[root@shuai-01 111.com]# curl -x127.0.0.1:80 111.com/logo.png -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 21 Dec 2017 14:46:37 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.29 (Unix) PHP/5.6.30
Last-Modified: Thu, 21 Dec 2017 14:12:26 GMT
ETag: "1914-560da4a1b6680"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 6420
Cache-Control: max-age=86400
Expires: Fri, 22 Dec 2017 14:46:37 GMT
Content-Type: image/png