python的re.py分析

个人想法：分析一个文件的功能，来源于需求

re.py是用来做什么的，在文件内实现了什么小功能，这些小功能怎样被引用，而构建这个文件用了什么写法，做到知其然而知所以然，我觉得很重要。

第一点先搞清楚，我来自哪里

import enum
import sre_compile
import sre_parse
import functools
try:
    import _locale
except ImportError:
    _locale = None

引入了enum(枚举),sre_compile（编译）,sre_parse（分析）,functools（函数工具）,或_locale（本地）

第二点，我要实现什么功能

# public symbols
__all__ = [
    "match", "fullmatch", "search", "sub", "subn", "split",
    "findall", "finditer", "compile", "purge", "template", "escape",
    "error", "Pattern", "Match", "A", "I", "L", "M", "S", "X", "U",
    "ASCII", "IGNORECASE", "LOCALE", "MULTILINE", "DOTALL", "VERBOSE",
    "UNICODE",
]

第三点，我要实现的功能缺乏些那些元素，我要添加

__version__ = "2.2.1"

class RegexFlag(enum.IntFlag):
    ASCII = sre_compile.SRE_FLAG_ASCII # assume ascii "locale"
    IGNORECASE = sre_compile.SRE_FLAG_IGNORECASE # ignore case
    LOCALE = sre_compile.SRE_FLAG_LOCALE # assume current 8-bit locale
    UNICODE = sre_compile.SRE_FLAG_UNICODE # assume unicode "locale"
    MULTILINE = sre_compile.SRE_FLAG_MULTILINE # make anchors look for newline
    DOTALL = sre_compile.SRE_FLAG_DOTALL # make dot match newline
    VERBOSE = sre_compile.SRE_FLAG_VERBOSE # ignore whitespace and comments
    A = ASCII
    I = IGNORECASE
    L = LOCALE
    U = UNICODE
    M = MULTILINE
    S = DOTALL
    X = VERBOSE
    # sre extensions (experimental, don't rely on t