注意!!!
Media Attachments和自定义推送界面
本地推送和远程推送同时都可支持附带Media Attachments。不过远程通知需要实现通知服务扩展UNNotificationServiceExtension,在service extension里面去下载attachment,但是需要注意,service extension会限制下载的时间(30s),并且下载的文件大小也会同样被限制。这里毕竟是一个推送,而不是把所有的内容都推送给用户。所以你应该去推送一些缩小比例之后的版本。比如图片,推送里面附带缩略图,当用户打开app之后,再去下载完整的高清图。视频就附带视频的关键帧或者开头的几秒,当用户打开app之后再去下载完整视频。
attachment支持图片,音频,视频,附件支持的类型及大小
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-33d68f0cf37db589.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
系统会在通知注册前校验附件,如果附件出问题,通知注册失败;校验成功后,附件会转入attachment data store;如果附件是在app bundle,则是会被copy来取代move
media attachments可以利用3d touch进行预览和操作
attachment data store的位置?利用代码测试 获取在磁盘上的图片文件作为attachment,会发现注册完通知后,图片文件被移除,在app的沙盒中找不到该文件在哪里; 想要获取已存在的附件内容,文档中提及可以通过UNUserNotificationCenter中方法,但目前文档中这2个方法还是灰的,见苹果开发者文档
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-054785e5ccac7437.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
//就是这两个方法
getDataForAttachment:withCompletionHandler:
getReadFileHandleForAttachment:withCompletionHandler:
1、准备工作
附件限定https协议,所以我们现在找一个支持https的图床用来测试,我之前能测试的图床现在不能用了。你们可以自行googole,这是我之前上传的图片链接:https://p1.bpimg.com/524586/475bc82ff016054ds.jpg
具体附件格式可以查看苹果开发文档
2、添加新的Targe--> Notification Service
先在Xcode 打开你的工程,File-->New-->Targe然后添加这个Notification Service:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-4e7cc23ca2207223.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
这样在你工程里能看到下面目录:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-ff8db9bbec5f335c.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
然后会自动创建一个 UNNotificationServiceExtension 的子类 NotificationService,通过完善这个子类,来实现你的需求。
点开 NotificationService.m 会看到 2 个方法:
// Call contentHandler with the modified notification content to deliver. If the handler is not called before the service's time expires then the unmodified notification will be delivered.
// You are expected to override this method to implement push notification modification.
- (void)didReceiveNotificationRequest:(UNNotificationRequest *)request withContentHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationContent *contentToDeliver))contentHandler; // Will be called just before this extension is terminated by the system. You may choose whether to override this method. - (void)serviceExtensionTimeWillExpire;
didReceiveNotificationRequest
让你可以在后台处理接收到的推送,传递最终的内容给 contentHandlerserviceExtensionTimeWillExpire
在你获得的一小段运行代码的时间即将结束的时候,如果仍然没有成功的传入内容,会走到这个方法,可以在这里传肯定不会出错的内容,或者他会默认传递原始的推送内容
主要的思路就是在这里把附件下载下来,然后才能展示渲染,下面是下载保存的相关方法:
- (void)didReceiveNotificationRequest:(UNNotificationRequest *)request withContentHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationContent * _Nonnull))contentHandler {
self.contentHandler = contentHandler;
self.bestAttemptContent = [request.content mutableCopy];
NSString * attchUrl = [request.content.userInfo objectForKey:@"image"]; //下载图片,放到本地 UIImage * imageFromUrl = [self getImageFromURL:attchUrl]; //获取documents目录 NSArray * paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES); NSString * documentsDirectoryPath = [paths firstObject]; NSString * localPath = [self saveImage:imageFromUrl withFileName:@"MyImage" ofType:@"png" inDirectory:documentsDirectoryPath]; if (localPath && ![localPath isEqualToString:@""]) { UNNotificationAttachment * attachment = [UNNotificationAttachment attachmentWithIdentifier:@"photo" URL:[NSURL URLWithString:[@"file://" stringByAppendingString:localPath]] options:nil error:nil]; if (attachment) { self.bestAttemptContent.attachments = @[attachment]; } } self.contentHandler(self.bestAttemptContent); } - (UIImage *) getImageFromURL:(NSString *)fileURL { NSLog(@"执行图片下载函数"); UIImage * result; //dataWithContentsOfURL方法需要https连接 NSData * data = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:fileURL]]; result = [UIImage imageWithData:data]; return result; } //将所下载的图片保存到本地 - (NSString *) saveImage:(UIImage *)image withFileName:(NSString *)imageName ofType:(NSString *)extension inDirectory:(NSString *)directoryPath { NSString *urlStr = @""; if ([[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"png"]){ urlStr = [directoryPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.%@", imageName, @"png"]]; [UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) writeToFile:urlStr options:NSAtomicWrite error:nil]; } else if ([[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"jpg"] || [[extension lowercaseString] isEqualToString:@"jpeg"]){ urlStr = [directoryPath stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.%@", imageName, @"jpg"]]; [UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, 1.0) writeToFile:urlStr options:NSAtomicWrite error:nil]; } else{ NSLog(@"extension error"); } return urlStr; } - (void)serviceExtensionTimeWillExpire { // Called just before the extension will be terminated by the system. // Use this as an opportunity to deliver your "best attempt" at modified content, otherwise the original push payload will be used. self.contentHandler(self.bestAttemptContent); }
apes如下:
{
"aps":{
"alert" : {
"title" : "iOS远程消息,我是主标题!-title",
"subtitle" : "iOS远程消息,我是主标题!-Subtitle", "body" : "Dely,why am i so handsome -body" }, "sound" : "default", "badge" : "1", "mutable-content" : "1", "category" : "Dely_category" }, "image" : "https://p1.bpimg.com/524586/475bc82ff016054ds.jpg", "type" : "scene", "id" : "1007" }
注意:mutable-content这个键值为1,这意味着此条推送可以被 Service Extension 进行更改,也就是说要用Service Extension需要加上这个键值为1.
3、添加新的Targe--> Notification Content
先在Xcode 打开你的工程,File-->New-->Targe然后添加这个 Notification Content:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-0941631a5939c15b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
这样你在工程里同样看到下面的目录:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-fd15ca7b596d2a24.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
点开 NotificationViewController.m 会看到 2 个方法:
- (void)viewDidLoad;
- (void)didReceiveNotification:(UNNotification *)notification;
前者渲染UI,后者获取通知信息,更新UI控件中的数据。
在MainInterface.storyboard中自定你的UI页面,可以随意发挥,但是这个UI见面只能用于展示,并不能响应点击或者手势其他事件,只能通过category来实现,下面自己添加view和约束
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-5659c9b05b8036ca.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
然后把view拉到.m文件中,代码如下:
#import "NotificationViewController.h"
#import <UserNotifications/UserNotifications.h>
#import <UserNotificationsUI/UserNotificationsUI.h> @interface NotificationViewController () <UNNotificationContentExtension> @property IBOutlet UILabel *label; @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIImageView *imageView; @end @implementation NotificationViewController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // Do any required interface initialization here. // UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100)]; // [self.view addSubview:view]; // view.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor]; } - (void)didReceiveNotification:(UNNotification *)notification { self.label.text = notification.request.content.body; UNNotificationContent * content = notification.request.content; UNNotificationAttachment * attachment = content.attachments.firstObject; if (attachment.URL.startAccessingSecurityScopedResource) { self.imageView.image = [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:attachment.URL.path]; } } @end
有人要有疑问了,可不可以不用storyboard来自定义界面?当然可以了!
只需要在Notifications Content 的info.plist中把NSExtensionMainStoryboard
替换为NSExtensionPrincipalClass
,并且value对应你的类名!
然后在viewDidLoad里用纯代码布局就可以了
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-429438ff8c98402b.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
4、发送推送
完成上面的工作的时候基本上可以了!然后运行工程,
上面的json数据放到APNS Pusher里面点击send:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-a6ae6d09fb6375ff.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
稍等片刻应该能收到消息:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-e5a64c9bd3eb3757.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
长按或者右滑查看:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-386c4269d496f558.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
注意 注意 注意:
如果你添加了category,需要在Notification content的info.plist添加一个键值对UNNotificationExtensionCategory
的value值和category Action的category值保持一致就行。
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-7b7a2ce85d70230c.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
同时在推送json中添加category键值对也要和上面两个地方保持一致:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-d47ad697db36384f.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
就变成了下面:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-e80469b9fbaa1f0e.jpg?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
上面介绍了远端需要Service Extension 的远端推送
iOS 10附件通知(图片、gif、音频、视频)。不过对图片和视频的大小做了一些限制(图片不能超过 10M,视频不能超过 50M),而且附件资源必须存在本地,如果是远程推送的网络资源需要提前下载到本地。
如果是本地的就简单了只需要在Service Extension的NotificationService.m的- (void)didReceiveNotificationRequest:(UNNotificationRequest *)request withContentHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationContent * _Nonnull))contentHandler
拿到资源添加到Notification Content,在Notification Content的控制器取到资源自己来做需求处理和展示
- (void)didReceiveNotificationRequest:(UNNotificationRequest *)request withContentHandler:(void (^)(UNNotificationContent * _Nonnull))contentHandler {
self.contentHandler = contentHandler;
self.bestAttemptContent = [request.content mutableCopy];
// 资源路径 NSURL *videoURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"video" withExtension:@"mp4"]; // 创建附件资源 // * identifier 资源标识符 // * URL 资源路径 // * options 资源可选操作 比如隐藏缩略图之类的 // * error 异常处理 UNNotificationAttachment *attachment = [UNNotificationAttachment attachmentWithIdentifier:@"video.attachment" URL:videoURL options:nil error:nil]; // 将附件资源添加到 UNMutableNotificationContent 中 if (attachment) { self.bestAttemptContent.attachments = @[attachment]; } self.contentHandler(self.bestAttemptContent); }
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-fd73a5638f073867.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
上图如果你想把default 隐藏掉,只需要在Notification Content 的info.plist中添加一个键值UNNotificationExtensionDefaultContentHidden
设置为YES就可以了:
![](http://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/970779-5903122a44875832.png?imageMogr2/auto-orient/strip%7CimageView2/2/w/1240)
原文链接:http://www.jianshu.com/p/81c6bd16c7ac
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