JDK8 stream常用的几个方法

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目录

map

map和flatMap

filter

findAny和findFirst

parallelStream

​​​​​​​sorted

reduce对数据进行归纳

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• map

 可以使用map方法把对象中的某个属性取出后，重新（加工）组成新的列表。

        Student s1 = new Student("AB-1", 10);
        Student s2 = new Student("CD-2", 12);
        Student s3 = new Student("EF-3", 15);

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(s2);
        list.add(s3);

        List<String> names1 = list.stream().map(Student::getName).collect(Collectors.toList());
        List<String> names2 = list.stream().map(student -> student.getName().replace("-", "")).collect(Collectors.toList());
        
        System.out.println(names1);
        System.out.println(names2);

日志： 

[AB-1, CD-2, EF-3]
[AB1, CD2, EF3]

• map和flatMap

flatMap可以理解为把每个加工后对象又生成String[]，把这些String[]生成新的流，相当于扁平化了。

        Student s1 = new Student("AB-1", 10);
        Student s2 = new Student("CD-2", 12);
        Student s3 = new Student("EF-3", 15);

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(s2);
        list.add(s3);

        // 获取name后直接打印
        list.stream().map(Student::getName).forEach(System.out::println);
        // 获取name后使用map方法分隔打印
        list.stream().map(Student::getName).map(name -> name.split("-")).forEach(names -> System.out.println(Arrays.toString(names)));
        // 获取name后使用flatMap方法分隔打印
        list.stream().map(Student::getName).flatMap(name -> Arrays.stream(name.split("-"))).forEach(System.out::println);

 日志：

AB-1
CD-2
EF-3

[AB, 1]
[CD, 2]
[EF, 3]

AB
1
CD
2
EF
3

• filter

过滤掉符合条件的对象

        Student s1 = new Student("AB-1", 10);
        Student s2 = new Student("CD-2", 12);
        Student s3 = new Student("EF-3", 15);

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(s2);
        list.add(s3);

        List<Student> students = list.stream().filter(student -> student.getAge() > 10).collect(Collectors.toList());

        System.out.println(students);

日志：

[{"name":"CD-2","age":12}, {"name":"EF-3","age":15}]

• findAny和findFirst

找到列表中任一符合条件的对象，无序的，只要满足就返回。注意如果使用stream方法，findAny会一直返回第一个对象，因为stream是串行有序的；如果使用parallelStream流，返回的就是任一一个了。

findFirst，顾名思义返回第一个满足条件的对象。

        Student s1 = new Student("AB-1", 10);
        Student s2 = new Student("CD-2", 12);
        Student s3 = new Student("EF-3", 15);
        Student s4 = new Student("GH-4", 10);

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(s2);
        list.add(s3);
        list.add(s4);

        Student student1 = list.stream().filter(s -> s.getAge() > 10).findAny().get();
        Student student2 = list.parallelStream().filter(s -> s.getAge() > 10).findAny().get();
        Student student3 = list.stream().filter(s -> s.getAge() > 10).findFirst().get();

        System.out.println(student1);
        System.out.println(student2);
        System.out.println(student3);

日志：

{"name":"CD-2","age":12}
{"name":"EF-3","age":15}
{"name":"CD-2","age":12}

• parallelStream

当数据量大时，采用parallelStream，会把数据分成多个小任务，多线程处理数据，提高处理速度。
是否使用parallelStream需要考虑几个方面：
数据是否足够大；任务之间是否独立；输出结果是否需要有序。

• ​​​​​​​sorted

可以对数据进行排序，多个字段亦可。

        Student s1 = new Student("AB-1", 10);
        Student s2 = new Student("CD-2", 12);
        Student s3 = new Student("EF-3", 15);
        Student s4 = new Student("GH-4", 18);
        Student s5 = new Student("GH-4", 14);

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(s2);
        list.add(s3);
        list.add(s4);
        list.add(s5);

        List<Student> students = list.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(Student::getName).thenComparing(Student::getAge)).collect(Collectors.toList());

        System.out.println(students);

日志： 

[{"name":"AB-1","age":10}, {"name":"CD-2","age":12}, {"name":"EF-3","age":15}, {"name":"GH-4","age":14}, {"name":"GH-4","age":18}]

• reduce对数据进行归纳

        Student s1 = new Student("AB-1", 10);
        Student s2 = new Student("CD-2", 12);
        Student s3 = new Student("EF-3", 15);

        List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add(s1);
        list.add(s2);
        list.add(s3);

        int total = list.stream().map(Student::getAge).reduce(0, Integer::sum);

        System.out.println(total);

日志

37