SpringBoot自动装配
前言
本文基于SpringBoot2.1.xx版本
提示:以下是本篇文章正文内容,可供参考
@SpringBootConfiguration
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Configuration
public @interface SpringBootConfiguration {
}
@Target(ElementType.TYPE): 这是一个接口或者是类或者是枚举
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME) : 会在class字节码文件中存在,在运行时可以通过反射获取到
@Document:该注解将被包含在javadoc中
@Configuration:表示加载IOC容器 使这个类成为了一个IOC容器配置类
可以再点进去看一下:
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Component
public @interface Configuration {
@AliasFor(annotation = Component.class)
String value() default "";
}
@Component:纳入Spring容器中
@EnableAutoConfiguration(重要)
这个注解的意思就是开启自动配置的功能。我们点进来看
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";
/**
* Exclude specific auto-configuration classes such that they will never be applied.
* @return the classes to exclude
*/
Class<?>[] exclude() default {};
/**
* Exclude specific auto-configuration class names such that they will never be
* applied.
* @return the class names to exclude
* @since 1.3.0
*/
String[] excludeName() default {};
}
@Inherited:子类可以继承父类中的该注解
@AutoConfigurationPackage:将主配置类所在的包作为自动配置包进行管理
@Import:自动装配导入的选择器
AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class
这里点开AutoConfigurationImportSelector:
@Override
public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
return NO_IMPORTS;
}
AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata = AutoConfigurationMetadataLoader
.loadMetadata(this.beanClassLoader);
AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata,
annotationMetadata);
return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());
}
我们主要关注selectImports()这个方法,这个方法就是我们选择导入的类。
//获取自动装配的类
AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = getAutoConfigurationEntry(autoConfigurationMetadata,annotationMetadata);
getAutoConfigurationEntry()
点开getAutoConfigurationEntry():
protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,
AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
return EMPTY_ENTRY;
}
AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
}
List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
我们主要就是关注这行代码,这行代码就是获取到我们的需要自动装配的类然后以List< String >的形式进行一个存储
getCandidateConfigurations()
点开getCandidateConfigurations():
protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {
List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(),
getBeanClassLoader());
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
return configurations;
}
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you "
+ "are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");
这个断言的意思是如果发生了某些错误比如为空的话,就会输出这个异常信息,意思就是在META-INF/spring.factories下找不到这些自动装配的类(factories也就是工厂)。spring.factories里面都是一些自动装配的类,然后这些类都是一个以String形式存储的。
META-INF/spring.factories
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test-autoconfigure:2.x.xx.RELEASE
如果实在不好找的话也可以选中spring.factories 然后点击
我们找到jar中找到这个autoconfigure.jar之后然后打开META-INF/spring.factories就能看到这些自动装配的类了。
EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.embedded.EmbeddedWebServerFactoryCustomizerAutoConfiguration,\
自动装配Servlet
@ConditionalOnClass:在满足条件的时候就会加载Tomcat。这个也就是我们常说的SpringBoot中的内置Tomcat了。
点击进来看看就能够看到Tomcal的一些配置信息了,比如端口这些的
WebMvcAutoConfiguration
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
自动装配SpringMVC
ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.servlet.ServletWebServerFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
自动装配并启动Tomcat服务器
ThymeleafAutoConfiguration
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
自动装配SpringBoot默认模板引擎Thymeleaf
TransactionAutoConfiguration
自动装配事务
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
这里面还有很多的自动装配类,如果感兴趣的话可以自行看看。今天的分享就到此为止啦,谢谢查阅。如果有什么不对的地方欢迎指点!