036:很难蒙混过关的CArray3d三维数组模板类

描述
实现一个三维数组模版CArray3D，可以用来生成元素为任意类型变量的三维数组，输出指定结果

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip> 
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
template <class T>
class CArray3D
{
// 在此处补充你的代码
};

CArray3D<int> a(3,4,5);
CArray3D<double> b(3,2,2);
void PrintA()
{
	for(int i = 0;i < 3; ++i) {
		cout << "layer " << i << ":" << endl;
		for(int j = 0; j < 4; ++j) {
			for(int k = 0; k < 5; ++k) 
				cout << a[i][j][k] << "," ;
			cout << endl;
		}
	}
}
void PrintB()
{
	for(int i = 0;i < 3; ++i) {
		cout << "layer " << i << ":" << endl;
		for(int j = 0; j < 2; ++j) {
			for(int k = 0; k < 2; ++k) 
				cout << b[i][j][k] << "," ;
			cout << endl;
		}
	}
}

int main()
{

	int No = 0;
	for( int i = 0; i < 3; ++ i ) {
		a[i];
		for( int j = 0; j < 4; ++j ) {
			a[j][i];
			for( int k = 0; k < 5; ++k )
				a[i][j][k] = No ++;
			a[j][i][i];	
		}
	}
	PrintA();
	memset(a[1],-1 ,20*sizeof(int));	
	memset(a[1],-1 ,20*sizeof(int));
	PrintA(); 
	memset(a[1][1],0 ,5*sizeof(int));	
	PrintA();

	for( int i = 0; i < 3; ++ i )
		for( int j = 0; j < 2; ++j )
			for( int k = 0; k < 2; ++k )
				b[i][j][k] = 10.0/(i+j+k+1);
	PrintB();
	int n = a[0][1][2];
	double f = b[0][1][1];
	cout << "****" << endl;
	cout << n << "," << f << endl;
		
	return 0;
}
输入
无
输出
等同于样例
样例输入
无
样例输出
layer 0:
0,1,2,3,4,
5,6,7,8,9,
10,11,12,13,14,
15,16,17,18,19,
layer 1:
20,21,22,23,24,
25,26,27,28,29,
30,31,32,33,34,
35,36,37,38,39,
layer 2:
40,41,42,43,44,
45,46,47,48,49,
50,51,52,53,54,
55,56,57,58,59,
layer 0:
0,1,2,3,4,
5,6,7,8,9,
10,11,12,13,14,
15,16,17,18,19,
layer 1:
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
layer 2:
40,41,42,43,44,
45,46,47,48,49,
50,51,52,53,54,
55,56,57,58,59,
layer 0:
0,1,2,3,4,
5,6,7,8,9,
10,11,12,13,14,
15,16,17,18,19,
layer 1:
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
0,0,0,0,0,
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,
layer 2:
40,41,42,43,44,
45,46,47,48,49,
50,51,52,53,54,
55,56,57,58,59,
layer 0:
10,5,
5,3.33333,
layer 1:
5,3.33333,
3.33333,2.5,
layer 2:
3.33333,2.5,
2.5,2,
****
7,3.33333
提示
建议做法：
1. a[i][j][k] 这个表达式的第一个[]返回一个内部类的对象，该内部类也重载了[],且返回值为指针。
2. 必要时需重载对象到指针的强制类型转换运算符

---

template <class T>
class CArray3D
{

	T *p_3D;	 //指向某元素
	int x, y, z; //层、行、列

	class CArray2D
	{
		T *p_2D;  //指向某元素
		int z_2D; //计算行下标对应的内存偏移量只需要固定列的长度就可以了

	public:
		CArray2D(T *_p_3D, int _z) : p_2D(_p_3D), z_2D(_z) {} //满足3D类[]返回2D类的需求
		T *operator[](int _y) { return p_2D + _y * z_2D; }	  //通过给的行数定位到那一行首元素的指针
		operator T *() { return p_2D; }						  //强制类型转换以满足memset需求
	};

public:
	CArray3D(T _x, T _y, T _z) : x(_x), y(_y), z(_z) { p_3D = new T[x * y * z]; }
	CArray2D operator[](int _x) { return CArray2D(p_3D + _x * y * z, z); }
};

---

第一次在类中定义一个类。思路见题目提示和注释。