多对一的处理
多对一:例如多个学生对应一个老师
- 对于学生而言,多个学生关联一个老师【多对一】关联
- 对于老师而言,一个老师有很多学生【一对多】集合
SQL:
CREATE TABLE `teacher` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO teacher(`id`, `name`) VALUES (1, '秦老师');
CREATE TABLE `student` (
`id` INT(10) NOT NULL,
`name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`tid` INT(10) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `fktid` (`tid`),
CONSTRAINT `fktid` FOREIGN KEY (`tid`) REFERENCES `teacher` (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8INSERT ;
INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('1', '小明', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('2', '小红', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('3', '小张', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('4', '小李', '1');
INSERT INTO `student` (`id`, `name`, `tid`) VALUES ('5', '小王', '1');
测试环境搭建
- 导入Lombok
- 新建实体类pojo(Teacher,Student)
- 建立Mapper接口
- 建立Mapper.xml文件
- 在核心配置文件中绑定注册Mapper接口或者文件
- 测试
按照查询嵌套处理
<!--
思路:
1.查询所有的学生信息
2.根据查询出来的学生的tid,寻找对应的老师
-->
<select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
select * from student
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
<result property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="name" column="name"/>
<!-- 负复杂的属性我们需要单独处理-->
<!-- 对象:association
集合:collection
-->
<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="Teacher">
select * from teacher where id = #{id}
</select>
按照结果嵌套处理
<!-- 按照结果嵌套处理-->
<select id="getStudent2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname from student s,teacher t where s.tid=t.id;
</select>
<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
</association>
</resultMap>
一对多的处理
多对一:例如一个老师有多个学生
测试环境搭建
老师实体类:
@Data
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
//一个老师拥有多个学生
private List<Student> students;
}
学生实体类:
@Data
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int tid;
}
按照查询嵌套处理
<select id="getTeacher2" resultMap="TeacherStudent2">
select *from teacher where id = #{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent2" type="Teacher">
<collection property="students" column="id" javaType="ArrayList" ofType="Student" select="getStudentByTeacherId"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="getStudentByTeacherId" resultType="Student">
select *from student where tid = #{tid}
</select>
</mapper>
按照结果嵌套处理
<!-- 按照结果嵌套查询-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname,t.id tid
from student s,teacher t
where s.tid = t.id and t.id = #{tid}
</select>
<resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
<result property="id" column="tid"/>
<result property="name" column="tname"/>
<!-- 集合:collection
javaType:指定属性的类型
ofType:集合中的泛型信息,我们使用ofType获取
-->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<result property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<result property="tid" column="tid"/>
</collection>
</resultMap>
注意点:
- 保证SQL的可读性,通俗易懂
- 注意一对多和多对一中,属性名和字段的问题
- 可以使用日志