开场白：看你还记得不记得我在“第五篇”中的把“execute这个方法名该为“myDog”可以吗？现在你还不可以，以后我会告诉你怎么可以的啦。”
程序要求：程序开始，第一个页面要显示，以这样的信息，一个下拉框用来选择“用户的部门名称”，这个下拉框中的内容要从“部门信息表中取得”（当页面一生成的时候就要获得）。然后按下“提交”按钮，能显示所有该部门的员工。
分析：因为页面一生成的时候就要从“部门表”中获得数据，所以我要采用一种方式让页面生成的时候就能操作action获得数据。数据的显示不再是单一数据，所以在页面上设计到循环。显示出来的一项数据不再是一个数据。
建立数据表：还记得我们在上一篇中建立的数据库吗。
数据库名字叫“user”已经有一个表叫“userTable”，我们现在就在这个数据库中再建立一个
表“depatTable”
部门号码 depatNo 文本
部门名称 depatName 文本
填入几个值：
001 生产部
002 工程部
003 人事部
程序开始
从现在开始，我们将按照真正项目开发的思想来做，模块的划分将细致起来
A模块：提供数据库连接
B模块：actionAndForm模块
C模块: 业务逻辑,提供数据的操作
D模块: 数据实体封装
这些模块实际上就是“包”的概念，在eclipse中建立“包”我就不想说了
A模块(2个类)——package dataConnectFactory
ConnectFactory类
//数据连接工厂
package dataConnectFactory;
import java.sql.*;
public class ConnectFactory
{
//定义数据库的驱动程序（以下给出的是连接odbc数据库的）
private static String strDriver="sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver";
//定义数据库的URL（名称）
private static String strConnection="jdbc:odbc:user";
//数据访问的用户名
private static String strUsername="";
//数据库访问的密码
private static String strPassword="";
public static Connection getConnectionByDriver()
throws MyException
{
Connection conn = null;
try
{
Class.forName(strDriver);//注册驱动
conn = //获得连接
DriverManager.getConnection( strConnection,
strUsername,
strPassword);
}
catch(ClassNotFoundException ex1)
{
ex1.printStackTrace();
throw new MyException("Class Not Found!");
}
catch(SQLException ex2)
{
ex2.printStackTrace();
throw new MyException("SQL Error");
}
finally {}
return conn;
}
}
MyException类
package dataConnectFactory;
//定义自己的异常类
public class MyException extends Exception
{
public MyException()
{
super();
}
public MyException(String message)
{
super(message);
}
}
B模块(3个类)——package action
UserAction类
package action;
//当第一个查询页面一生成的时候就把部门的信息得到并交给页面
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionError;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionErrors;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import biz.SearchBiz;
import entity.*;
public class UserAction extends DispatchAction
{
//转到查询界面
public ActionForward toSearch( ActionMapping mapping,
ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception
{
//定义错误信息封装
ActionErrors errors = null;
//获取页面表单信息
UserForm uf = (UserForm)form;
//定义部门实体数组
DepartmentEntity[] departs = null;
SearchBiz searchBizDept = null;
try
{
searchBizDept = new SearchBiz();
departs =
searchBizDept.selectDeptEntitys(
new DepartmentEntity());
uf.setDeparts(departs);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
errors = new ActionErrors();
e.printStackTrace();
errors.add(ActionErrors.GLOBAL_ERROR, new ActionError("system.exception"));
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
finally
{
if (errors != null)
{
saveErrors(request, errors);
}
}
return mapping.findForward("toSearch");
}
}
package action;
UserForm类
//将所有的实体封装到form中
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import entity.*;
public class UserForm extends ActionForm
{
private UserEntity user = new UserEntity();
private UserEntity[] users = null;
private DepartmentEntity depart = new DepartmentEntity();
private DepartmentEntity[] departs = null;
public DepartmentEntity getDepart()
{
return depart;
}
public DepartmentEntity[] getDeparts()
{
return departs;
}
public UserEntity getUser() {
return user;
}
public UserEntity[] getUsers()
{
return users;
}
public void setDepart(DepartmentEntity depart)
{
this.depart = depart;
}
public void setDeparts(DepartmentEntity[] departs)
{
this.departs = departs;
}
public void setUser(UserEntity user)
{
this.user = user;
}
public void setUsers(UserEntity[] users)
{
this.users = users;
}
}
ResultAction
package action;
//当页面提交后，按照页面提交的条件来查询
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionErrors;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.actions.DispatchAction;
import biz.SearchBiz;
import entity.*;
public class ResultAction extends DispatchAction
{
public ActionForward execute ( ActionMapping mapping,
ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws Exception
{
//定义错误信息封装
ActionErrors errors = null;
//获取页面表单信息
UserForm uf = (UserForm)form;
//定义用户实体数组
UserEntity[] userEntitys = null;
//定义用户实体
UserEntity userEntity=new UserEntity();
//获得页面上提交的数据
userEntity=uf.getUser();
System.out.println(userEntity.getDepartNo());
SearchBiz searchBiz = null;
try
{
searchBiz = new SearchBiz();
userEntitys = searchBiz.selectUserEntitys(userEntity );
uf.setUsers(userEntitys);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
return mapping.findForward("error");
}
finally
{
}
return mapping.findForward("success");
}
}
C模块（1个类）——package biz
SearchBiz类
package biz;
//这里完成查询和数据的转换操作等所有数据的操作
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import dataConnectFactory.ConnectFactory;
import dataConnectFactory.MyException;
import entity.*;
public class SearchBiz
{
private String strDriver;
private String strConnection;
private String strUsername;
private String strPassword;
//查询用户信息
public UserEntity[] selectUserEntitys(UserEntity userEntity)
throws MyException
{
UserEntity[] employeeEntitys = null;
Connection conn = null;
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
StringBuffer sbSQL = new StringBuffer();
ArrayList list = null;
try
{
conn = ConnectFactory.getConnectionByDriver( );
//生成sql
sbSQL.append(" select ");
sbSQL.append(" userTable.userNo,");
sbSQL.append(" userTable.departNo,");
sbSQL.append(" departTable.departName");
sbSQL.append(" from userTable,departTable");
sbSQL.append(" where
userTable.departNo='"+userEntity.getDepartNo()+"'");
sbSQL.append(" and ");
sbSQL.append(" userTable.departNo = departTable.departNo ");
System.out.println(sbSQL.toString());
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sbSQL.toString());
rs = pstmt.executeQuery();
list = parseArray(rs,1);
list.trimToSize();
employeeEntitys = new UserEntity[list.size()];
if (employeeEntitys != null && list.size()>0)
{
employeeEntitys =
(UserEntity[])list.toArray(employeeEntitys);
}
}
catch(MyException ex1)
{
ex1.printStackTrace();
throw ex1;
}
catch(SQLException ex2)
{
ex2.printStackTrace();
throw new MyException("SQL Error");
}
finally//数据库访问完毕后，关闭相关的连接，
//释放资源，是你应该要做的
{
try
{
if(rs!=null)
{
rs.close();
rs=null;
}
if(pstmt!=null)
{
pstmt.close();
pstmt=null;
}
}
catch(SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return employeeEntitys;
}
//查询部门信息
public DepartmentEntity[] selectDeptEntitys(DepartmentEntity departmentEntity)
throws MyException
{
DepartmentEntity[] departmentEntitys = null;
Connection conn = null;
//以前用Statement，现在用PrepareStatement
//那是因为PrepareStatement有一个预编译的过程
PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
StringBuffer sbSQL = new StringBuffer();
ArrayList list = null;
try
{
conn = ConnectFactory.getConnectionByDriver();
sbSQL.append("select departNo,departName from departTable");
pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(sbSQL.toString());//预编译
rs = pstmt.executeQuery(); //执行
list = parseArray(rs,2);//把结果集转换为实体数组
list.trimToSize();
departmentEntitys = new DepartmentEntity[list.size()];
if (departmentEntitys != null && list.size()>0)
{
departmentEntitys =
(DepartmentEntity[])list.toArray(departmentEntitys);
}
}
catch(MyException ex1)
{
ex1.printStackTrace();
throw ex1;
}
catch(SQLException ex2)
{
ex2.printStackTrace();
throw new MyException("SQL Error");
}
catch(Exception ex3)
{
ex3.printStackTrace();
throw new MyException("Exception");
}
finally//数据库访问完毕后，关闭相关的连接，
//释放资源，是你应该要做的
{
try
{
if(rs!=null)
{
rs.close();
rs=null;
}
if(pstmt!=null)
{
pstmt.close();
pstmt=null;
}
}
catch(SQLException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return departmentEntitys;
}
//把结果集转换为实体数组的方法
protected ArrayList parseArray(ResultSet rs,long lType) throws SQLException
{
ArrayList list = new ArrayList();
UserEntity userEntity = null;
DepartmentEntity departmentEntity = null;
Object object = null;
try {
while (rs.next())
{
if (lType ==1)
{
userEntity = new UserEntity();
userEntity.setUserNo(rs.getString("userNo"));
userEntity.setDepartNo(rs.getString("departNo"));
userEntity.setDepartName(rs.getString("departName"));
object = (Object) userEntity;
}
else
{
departmentEntity = new DepartmentEntity();
departmentEntity.setDepartmentNo(rs.getString("departNo"));
departmentEntity.setDepartmentName(rs.getString("departName"));
object = (Object) departmentEntity;
}
list.add(object);
}
}
catch(SQLException ex)
{
ex.printStackTrace();
throw ex;
}
finally {}
return list;
}
}
D模块（2个类）——package entity
UserEntity类
package entity;
//用户信息实体
public class UserEntity
{
private String userNo = null;
private String userPassword = null;
private String departNo = null;
private String departName = null;
public String getDepartName()
{
return departName==null?"":departName.trim();
}
public String getDepartNo()
{
return departNo==null?"":departNo.trim();
}
public String getUserNo()
{
return userNo==null?"":userNo.trim();
}
public String getUserPassword()
{
return userPassword==null?"":userPassword.trim();
}
public void setDepartName(String departName)
{
this.departName = departName;
}
public void setDepartNo(String departNo)
{
this.departNo = departNo;
}
public void setUserNo(String userNo)
{
this.userNo = userNo;
}
public void setUserPassword(String userPassword)
{
this.userPassword = userPassword;
}
}
DepartmentEntity类
package entity;
//部门信息实体
public class DepartmentEntity
{
private String departmentNo = null;
private String departmentName = null;
public String getDepartmentName()
{
return departmentName==null?"":departmentName.trim();
}
public String getDepartmentNo()
{
return departmentNo==null?"":departmentNo.trim();
}
public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName)
{
this.departmentName = departmentName;
}
public void setDepartmentNo(String departmentNo)
{
this.departmentNo = departmentNo;
}
}
配置文件：struts-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.1//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_1.dtd">
<!--
This is the Struts configuration file for the example application,
using the proposed new syntax.
NOTE: You would only flesh out the details in the "form-bean"
declarations if you had a generator tool that used them to create
the corresponding Java classes for you. Otherwise, you would
need only the "form-bean" element itself, with the corresponding
"name" and "type" attributes.
-->
<struts-config>
<!-- ========== Form Bean Definitions =================================== -->
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="userForm" type="action.UserForm">
</form-bean>
</form-beans>
<!-- ========== Global Forward Definitions ============================== -->
<global-forwards>
</global-forwards>
<!-- ========== Action Mapping Definitions ============================== -->
<action-mappings>
<action path="/search"
type="action.UserAction"
name="userForm"
scope="request"
parameter="operate"
validate="false"
input="search.jsp">
<forward name="toSearch" path="/search.jsp"/>
<forward name="success" path="/success.jsp"/>
<forward name="error" path="/error.jsp"/>
</action>
<action path="/searchInfo"
type="action.ResultAction"
name="userForm"
scope="request"
input="search.jsp">
<forward name="toSearch" path="/search.jsp"/>
<forward name="success" path="/success.jsp"/>
<forward name="error" path="/error.jsp"/>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
jsp页面
search.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-tiles.tld" prefix="tiles" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %>
<html>
<head><title>search employee</title></head>
<body>
<center>
<html:form action="searchInfo.do" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>部门</td>
<td>
<html:select property="user.departNo">
<logic:notEmpty name="userForm" property="departs">
<logic:iterate name="userForm" property="departs" id="dept" type="entity.DepartmentEntity">
<html:option value="<%= String.valueOf(dept.getDepartmentNo()) %>"><%= dept.getDepartmentName() %></html:option>
</logic:iterate>
</logic:notEmpty>
</html:select>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><html:submit value="提交"/></td>
<td><html:reset value="重置"/></td>
</tr>
</table>
</html:form>
</center>
</body>
</html>
success.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312" %>
<%@ page language="java"%>
<%@ page import="java.util.*;"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean" %>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic" %>
<html:html>
<body>
<center>
<table width="80%" border="1">
<tr>
<th>用户号 </th>
<th>所在部门编号</th>
<th>所在部门名称 </th>
</tr>
<logic:iterate
name="userForm"
property="users"
id="ue"
type="entity.UserEntity">
<tr>
<td><%=ue.getUserNo()%></td>
<td><%=ue.getDepartNo()%></td>
<td><%=ue.getDepartName()%></td>
</tr>
</logic:iterate>
</table>
</center>
</body>
</html:html>
error.jsp
<html>
Error!!
</html>
赶快运行吧
http://localhost:8080/temp3/search.do?operate=toSearch
一点提示：
发现没？运行程序的的时候，在ie地址拦上输入的东西好象不一样了吧？
UserAction中没有execute方法了，换成了toSearch方法。好了，现在我允许你把这个toSearch随便改个名字，就改个myDog好吗？然后再在你的ie上输入：
http://localhost:8080/temp3/search.do?operate=myDog
哈哈，结果一样哦。
很早该提醒你，但是想看你自己是不太笨：
java程序改动后，要重新保存编译成类。
任何的程序改动或者配置文件改动后，请你重新启动你的tomcat
任何的jsp页面改动后，不需要重新启动tomcat，刷新就可以了
重点在这里：
怎么连接oracle数据库：
1：要导入一个classes12.jar这个JAR包，它提供了oracle数据库的相关驱动
2： strDriver="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver";
strConnection="jdbc:oracle:thin:@￥￥￥￥￥:1521:！！！！！";
strUsername="******";
strPassword="######";
￥￥￥￥￥：数据库服务器的ip地址
！！！！！：数据库的名称
******：访问数据库的名称
######：访问数据库的密码
如何采用连接池的方式连接数据库
1：在D:/tomcat- 4.1.18 /conf的server.xml中找到
</Host> </Engine></Service></Server>
在这段之前添加添加：
<Context path="/-----" docBase="/------" debug="0" reloadable="true">
<Resource name="jdbc/%%%" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
<ResourceParams name="jdbc/%%%">
<parameter>
<name>username</name>
<value>******</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>password</name>
<value>######</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>driverClassName</name>
<value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>url</name>
<value>jdbc:oracle:thin:@ ￥￥￥￥￥: ！！！！</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>maxActive</name>
<value>30</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>maxIdle</name>
<value>10</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>maxWait</name>
<value>5000</value>
</parameter>
</ResourceParams>
</Context>
-----：你要用该连接池的应用工程目录，例如：user
%%%：随便你取个名字，例如：userDB
2：修改你的应用所对应的那个web.xml
在 </web-app>前添加
<resource-ref>
<description>((((((( </description>
<res-ref-name> jdbc/%%%</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
(((((((：你高兴写点什么就写点什么
3：这样来使用
还记得你的public class ConnectFactory吗？
改写成下面的样子
package connectDatabase;
import java.sql.*;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.naming.Context;
import javax.naming.InitialContext;
import javax.naming.NamingException;
public class ConnectFactory
{
public static Connection getConnectionByDriver()
throws MyException
{
DataSource ds;
Connection conn = null;
//缓冲池连接
try
{
Context initCtx = new InitialContext();
Context envCtx = (Context) initCtx.lookup("java:comp/env");
ds = (DataSource)envCtx.lookup("jdbc/%%%");
if(ds!=null)
{
conn = ds.getConnection();
}
}
catch(NamingException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
catch(SQLException e1)
{
e1.printStackTrace();
}
finally {}
return conn;
}
}
结束语：
虽然在这篇中，我没有再多给你点解释，但是我相信你能通过自己的摸索得到出一些体会和结论，如果你觉得看了程序有很大的疑惑，那么这就是我要达到的效果了，因为我真心希望你能锻炼自己的编程思想，而不是ctrl+v我的代码。
在上一篇中，我们是在form中直接定义一些属性，但是现在我们已经开始封装实体，在其他的程序中我们来对实体操作。我们已经开始把数据的查询操作与action分开，以后我们还要把数据库的访问与数据的业务操作逻辑分开。
我们还接触到了logic:iterate这个重要的页面循环的标签。
将来，我们还要在public class ConnectFactory中提供各种数据库的连接的“接口”，让我们这个类成为一个在任何地方都实用的类。
这些模块的细分，丰富“接口”的提供。将让我们的代码产生很大重用性，让你一次编写，永久使用。还记得我们导入的那些JAR包吗，那就是别人写好的类，我们拿来利用的。让我期待你自己编写JAR包来发布，让全世界的人都来使用你写的类，通过你写的类，为广大的程序员大大减少工作量吧。。。。。。。。
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