Cookies 详解

Cookie：用来保存客户端信息。

Cookie是一小块可以嵌入HTTP请求和响应的数据。它在服务器上产生，并作为响应头域的一部分返回给客户。浏览器在收到有Cookie的响应 后，会把Cookie的内容以"关键字/值"的形式写入到一个专为存放Cookie的文本文件中。浏览器会把Cookie的信息与请求发送给服务器，这样 服务器就可以再次读取Cookie中存放的数据了。Cookie可以对有效期进行设置，浏览器不会把过期的Cookie发送给服务器。

一、创建Cookie

包路径：javax.servlet.http.Cookie

构造函数：public Cookie (String  name,String value)

package cookie;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CookieTest1 extends HttpServlet{

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
		throws IOException, ServletException{
		//设置响应客户端编码
		res.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
		PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();
		//创建Cookie
		Cookie cookie = new Cookie("admin", "zjw");
		//设置cookie存在时间(不设置的话不会被保存)
		cookie.setMaxAge(300);
		//回写到客户端
		res.addCookie(cookie);
		pw.println("Cookies 已经被创建！");
	}
	
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
		throws IOException, ServletException{
		doGet(req, res);
	}
}

 二、获取Cookie

 

package cookie;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CookieTest2 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		//设置响应客户端编码
		res.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
		PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();
		// 获取Cookies
		Cookie [] cookies  = req.getCookies();
		int i = 0;
		if(cookies != null && cookies.length !=0 ){
			for(i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++){
				if("admin".equals(cookies[i].getName())){
					pw.println(cookies[i].getName() + " = " +cookies[i].getValue());
					break;
				}
			}
			if(i == cookies.length){
				pw.println("指定cookie不存在或已过期");
			}
		}else{
			pw.println("指定cookie不存在或已过期");
		}
	}
	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		doGet(req, res);
	}
}

 

三、删除Cookie

package cookie;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class CookieTest3 extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		// 设置响应客户端编码
		res.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
		PrintWriter pw = res.getWriter();
		// 获取Cookies
		Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
		int i = 0;
		if (cookies != null && cookies.length != 0) {
			for (i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
				Cookie tmp = cookies[i];
				if ("admin".equals(tmp.getName())) {
					tmp.setMaxAge(0);
					res.addCookie(tmp);//必须加上这句才能删除
					pw.println("cookie 已经被删除");
					break;
				}
			}
		}
//		for (i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
//			if ("admin".equals(cookies[i].getName())) {
//				pw
//						.println(cookies[i].getName() + " = "
//								+ cookies[i].getValue());
//				break;
//			}
//		}
	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)
			throws IOException, ServletException {
		doGet(req, res);
	}
}