如何使用AngularJS绑定到复选框值列表？

本文翻译自：How do I bind to list of checkbox values with AngularJS?

I have a few checkboxes: 我有几个复选框：

<input type='checkbox' value="apple" checked>
<input type='checkbox' value="orange">
<input type='checkbox' value="pear" checked>
<input type='checkbox' value="naartjie">

That I would like to bind to a list in my controller such that whenever a checkbox is changed the controller maintains a list of all the checked values, for example, ['apple', 'pear'] . 我想绑定到我的控制器中的列表，这样每当复选框被更改时，控制器都会保留所有已检查值的列表，例如['apple', 'pear'] 。

ng-model seems to only be able to bind the value of one single checkbox to a variable in the controller. ng-model似乎只能将一个复选框的值绑定到控制器中的变量。

Is there another way to do it so that I can bind the four checkboxes to a list in the controller? 还有另一种方法可以将四个复选框绑定到控制器中的列表吗？

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#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/ytsD/如何使用AngularJS绑定到复选框值列表

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#2楼

I think the easiest workaround would be to use 'select' with 'multiple' specified: 我认为最简单的解决方法是使用'select'并指定'multiple'：

<select ng-model="selectedfruit" multiple ng-options="v for v in fruit"></select>

Otherwise, I think you'll have to process the list to construct the list (by $watch() ing the model array bind with checkboxes). 否则，我认为你必须处理列表来构造列表（通过$watch()模型数组绑定与复选框）。

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#3楼

<input type='checkbox' ng-repeat="fruit in fruits"
  ng-checked="checkedFruits.indexOf(fruit) != -1" ng-click="toggleCheck(fruit)">

. 。

function SomeCtrl ($scope) {
    $scope.fruits = ["apple, orange, pear, naartjie"];
    $scope.checkedFruits = [];
    $scope.toggleCheck = function (fruit) {
        if ($scope.checkedFruits.indexOf(fruit) === -1) {
            $scope.checkedFruits.push(fruit);
        } else {
            $scope.checkedFruits.splice($scope.checkedFruits.indexOf(fruit), 1);
        }
    };
}

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#4楼

Here's a quick little reusable directive that seems to do what you're looking to do. 这是一个快速的小型可重用指令，似乎可以做你想做的事情。 I've simply called it checkList . 我简单地称它为checkList 。 It updates the array when the checkboxes change, and updates the checkboxes when the array changes. 它会在复选框更改时更新阵列，并在阵列更改时更新复选框。

app.directive('checkList', function() {
  return {
    scope: {
      list: '=checkList',
      value: '@'
    },
    link: function(scope, elem, attrs) {
      var handler = function(setup) {
        var checked = elem.prop('checked');
        var index = scope.list.indexOf(scope.value);

        if (checked && index == -1) {
          if (setup) elem.prop('checked', false);
          else scope.list.push(scope.value);
        } else if (!checked && index != -1) {
          if (setup) elem.prop('checked', true);
          else scope.list.splice(index, 1);
        }
      };

      var setupHandler = handler.bind(null, true);
      var changeHandler = handler.bind(null, false);

      elem.bind('change', function() {
        scope.$apply(changeHandler);
      });
      scope.$watch('list', setupHandler, true);
    }
  };
});

Here's a controller and a view that shows how you might go about using it. 这是一个控制器和一个显示如何使用它的视图。

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller='MainController'>
  <span ng-repeat="fruit in fruits">
    <input type='checkbox' value="{{fruit}}" check-list='checked_fruits'> {{fruit}}<br />
  </span>

  <div>The following fruits are checked: {{checked_fruits | json}}</div>

  <div>Add fruit to the array manually:
    <button ng-repeat="fruit in fruits" ng-click='addFruit(fruit)'>{{fruit}}</button>
  </div>
</div>

app.controller('MainController', function($scope) {
  $scope.fruits = ['apple', 'orange', 'pear', 'naartjie'];
  $scope.checked_fruits = ['apple', 'pear'];
  $scope.addFruit = function(fruit) {
    if ($scope.checked_fruits.indexOf(fruit) != -1) return;
    $scope.checked_fruits.push(fruit);
  };
});

(The buttons demonstrate that changing the array will also update the checkboxes.) （按钮表明更改阵列也会更新复选框。）

Finally, here is an example of the directive in action on Plunker: http://plnkr.co/edit/3YNLsyoG4PIBW6Kj7dRK?p=preview 最后，这是一个关于Plunker的指令实例： http ：//plnkr.co/edit/3YNLsyoG4PIBW6Kj7dRK？p = preview

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#5楼

There are two ways to approach this problem. 有两种方法可以解决这个问题。 Either use a simple array or an array of objects. 使用简单数组或对象数组。 Each solution has it pros and cons. 每种解决方案都有它的优点和缺点。 Below you'll find one for each case. 下面你会发现每个案例一个。

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With a simple array as input data 用简单的数组作为输入数据

The HTML could look like: HTML可能如下所示：

<label ng-repeat="fruitName in fruits">
  <input
    type="checkbox"
    name="selectedFruits[]"
    value="{{fruitName}}"
    ng-checked="selection.indexOf(fruitName) > -1"
    ng-click="toggleSelection(fruitName)"
  > {{fruitName}}
</label>

And the appropriate controller code would be: 适当的控制器代码将是：

app.controller('SimpleArrayCtrl', ['$scope', function SimpleArrayCtrl($scope) {

  // Fruits
  $scope.fruits = ['apple', 'orange', 'pear', 'naartjie'];

  // Selected fruits
  $scope.selection = ['apple', 'pear'];

  // Toggle selection for a given fruit by name
  $scope.toggleSelection = function toggleSelection(fruitName) {
    var idx = $scope.selection.indexOf(fruitName);

    // Is currently selected
    if (idx > -1) {
      $scope.selection.splice(idx, 1);
    }

    // Is newly selected
    else {
      $scope.selection.push(fruitName);
    }
  };
}]);

Pros : Simple data structure and toggling by name is easy to handle 优点 ：简单的数据结构和按名称切换很容易处理

Cons : Add/remove is cumbersome as two lists (the input and selection) have to be managed 缺点 ：添加/删除很麻烦，因为必须管理两个列表（输入和选择）

---

With an object array as input data 使用对象数组作为输入数据

The HTML could look like: HTML可能如下所示：

<label ng-repeat="fruit in fruits">
  <!--
    - Use `value="{{fruit.name}}"` to give the input a real value, in case the form gets submitted
      traditionally

    - Use `ng-checked="fruit.selected"` to have the checkbox checked based on some angular expression
      (no two-way-data-binding)

    - Use `ng-model="fruit.selected"` to utilize two-way-data-binding. Note that `.selected`
      is arbitrary. The property name could be anything and will be created on the object if not present.
  -->
  <input
    type="checkbox"
    name="selectedFruits[]"
    value="{{fruit.name}}"
    ng-model="fruit.selected"
  > {{fruit.name}}
</label>

And the appropriate controller code would be: 适当的控制器代码将是：

app.controller('ObjectArrayCtrl', ['$scope', 'filterFilter', function ObjectArrayCtrl($scope, filterFilter) {

  // Fruits
  $scope.fruits = [
    { name: 'apple',    selected: true },
    { name: 'orange',   selected: false },
    { name: 'pear',     selected: true },
    { name: 'naartjie', selected: false }
  ];

  // Selected fruits
  $scope.selection = [];

  // Helper method to get selected fruits
  $scope.selectedFruits = function selectedFruits() {
    return filterFilter($scope.fruits, { selected: true });
  };

  // Watch fruits for changes
  $scope.$watch('fruits|filter:{selected:true}', function (nv) {
    $scope.selection = nv.map(function (fruit) {
      return fruit.name;
    });
  }, true);
}]);

Pros : Add/remove is very easy 优点 ：添加/删除非常简单

Cons : Somewhat more complex data structure and toggling by name is cumbersome or requires a helper method 缺点 ：更复杂的数据结构和按名称切换是麻烦的或需要帮助方法

---

Demo : http://jsbin.com/ImAqUC/1/ 演示 ： http ： //jsbin.com/ImAqUC/1/

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#6楼

Since you accepted an answer in which a list was not used, I'll assume the answer to my comment question is "No, it doesn't have to be a list". 由于您接受了未使用列表的答案，我将假设我的评论问题的答案是“不，它不必是列表”。 I also had the impression that maybe you were rending the HTML server side, since "checked" is present in your sample HTML (this would not be needed if ng-model were used to model your checkboxes). 我也有这样的印象，也许你是在渲染HTML服务器端，因为样本HTML中存在“已检查”（如果使用ng-model对复选框进行建模，则不需要这样做）。

Anyway, here's what I had in mind when I asked the question, also assuming you were generating the HTML server-side: 无论如何，这是我在问这个问题时的想法，也假设您正在生成HTML服务器端：

<div ng-controller="MyCtrl" 
 ng-init="checkboxes = {apple: true, orange: false, pear: true, naartjie: false}">
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="checkboxes.apple">apple
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="checkboxes.orange">orange
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="checkboxes.pear">pear
    <input type="checkbox" ng-model="checkboxes.naartjie">naartjie
    <br>{{checkboxes}}
</div>

ng-init allows server-side generated HTML to initially set certain checkboxes. ng-init允许服务器端生成的HTML初始设置某些复选框。

Fiddle . 小提琴 。